PRONOUNS

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Definition
What is a pronoun? Skip introduction

Where you are: Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Kind of pronouns
Personal ( Subject & Object pronouns) Demonstrative Indefinite Relative Reflexive Intensive Interrogative Reciprocal

Practice
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WHAT IS A PRONOUN?
Generally (but not always) pronouns stand for (pro +

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noun) or refer to a noun, an individual or individuals or thing or things (the pronoun's antecedent)

Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Ex : They say that eating beef is bad for you. They is a pronoun referring to someone, but who are they? Cows? whom do they represent?
Not all pronouns will refer to an antecedent, however.

Ex : Everyone here earns over a thousand dollars a day. The word "everyone" has no antecedent.
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1- PERSONAL PRONOUNS

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stand for persons , which change form according to their various uses within a sentence.

Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Personal pronouns
For Subject I , YOU, SHE , HE, IT , WE, THEY For Object ME , YOU, HER, HIM, IT , US, THEM
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HOW MANY KINDS OF PRONOUNS?

2- POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Possessive pronouns
possessive MY , YOUR, HER , HIS, ITS , OUR, THEIR

Nominative Pronouns
MINE , YOURS, HERS, HIS, ITS , OURS, THEIRS
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HOW MANY KINDS OF PRONOUNS?

3- DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Demonstrative pronouns
Singular THAT , THIS, SUCH

Plural
THESE, THOSE,
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3- DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
** do not confuse demonstrative pronoun with determiners

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

Ex : Determiners That / This / Such That spaceship is made of titanium. This building is rebuilt after a severe fire. Such pants is not mine.
Ex : Demonstrative pronouns That is incredible! (referring to something you just saw) I will never forget this. (referring to a recent experience) Such is my belief. (referring to an explanation just made)

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Relate groups of words to nouns or other pronouns

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

WHO WHICH WHAT WHERE THAT WHOM

** INDEFINITE relative pronouns

WHOEVER WHICHEVER WHATEVER WHOMEVER

WHEREVER

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

WHICH
Generally, we use "which" to introduce clauses that are BOTH RESTRICTIVE AND NONRESTRICTIVE CLAUSE (i.e., that can be removed from the sentence without changing the essential meaning of the sentence). For that reason, a "which clause" is often set off with a comma or a pair of commas.
EX : The garage, which my uncle built, is falling down.
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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

THAT
"That clauses," on the other hand, are usually deemed indispensable for the meaning of a sentence and are not set off with commas. THAT refer to a RESTRICTIVE CLAUSE. THAT usually refers to things, but it can also refer to people in a general kind of way.
EX :
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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

WHO
usually refers to PERSON who own the main verb.

EX : The student who studies hardest usually does the best. The person who hit my car should have to pay to fix the damages.
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HOW MANY KINDS OF PRONOUNS?

4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

WHOM
usually refers to PERSON who .

EX : Whom shall we ask to the party? (Shall we ask him to the party?)

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

MORE EXAMPLES
The coach will select whomever he pleases. He seemed to say whatever came to mind. Whoever crosses this line first will win the race.
Give the box to whomever you please. (Give the box to him.)
Give the box to whoever seems to want it most. (He seems to want it most. [And then the clause "whoever seems to want it Back most" is the object of the preposition "to."])

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5- INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
The indefinite pronouns do not substitute for specific nouns but function themselves as nouns (

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

everybody / anybody/ somebody/ all/ each/ every/ some/ none/ one

EX : Everyone is wondering if any is left.)
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HOW MANY KINDS OF PRONOUNS?

7- INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
The interrogative pronouns introduce questions.

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

who/which/what
Like the relative pronouns, the interrogative pronouns introduce noun clauses, and it plays a subject role in the clauses they introduce:

EX : We know who is guilty of this crime. I already told the detective what I know about it.
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8- RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS
The reciprocal pronouns are convenient forms for combining ideas.

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

each other and one another

EX : My mother and I give each other a hard time. The scientists in this lab often use one another's equipment.

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9- PRONOUNS : ONE & ONES
The pronouns ONE & ONES can stand for a COUNTABLE noun when it is used repeatedly. Uncountable now can not be used with ONE.

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Contents Definition Kind of pronouns Practice

EX : We need the new curtains. Ok, lets buy the green ones.
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Exercises
On the following three slides you will find the instructions for three exercises related to your subject.

Contents Noun Adjective Syllable Comparatives Superlatives Comparison Practice

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Contents Noun Adjective Syllable Comparatives Superlatives Comparison Practice

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