INTRODUCTION
Air conditioning is a combined process that performs many functions simultaneously. It conditions the air, transports it, and introduces it to the conditioned space. It provides heating and cooling from its central plant. The term HVAC is an abbreviation of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
The combination of processes in this commonly adopted term is equivalent to the current definition of air conditioning. Because all these individual component processes were developed prior to the more complete concept of air conditioning, the term HVAC is often used
FUNCTIONS
An air conditioning, or HVAC, system is composed of components and equipment arranged in sequence to condition the air, to transport it to the conditioned space, and to control the indoor environmental parameters of a specific space within required limits. Most air conditioning systems perform the following functions:
1.
Provide the cooling and heating energy required Condition the supply air, that is, heat or cool, humidify or dehumidify, clean and purify, and attenuate any objectionable noise produced by the HVAC equipment Distribute the conditioned air, containing sufficient outdoor air, to the conditioned space Control and maintain the indoor environmental parameterssuch as temperature, humidity, cleanliness, air movement, sound level, and pressure differential between the conditioned space and surroundingswithin predetermined limits
2.
3.
4.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
COMPONENTS
FREON (R22/HCFC-22)
Chlorofluorocarbon Compress the Freon to convert to gas Changed from gas to liquid under high pressure
Compressor
Expansion Device
Reduce pressure of liquid Liquid evaporates into gas
Blower
Central
Distribute
Self
Contained Unit
in space where its serve
Installed
CENTRAL
Widely
UNIT
Double Reheat
Filter Cooler One, two or three-zone heater as required Pre-insulated pipes delivering air to zones Sound attenuating air terminal. With volume control Automatic steam valves one per zone heater Steam trap. One per zone heater Multi-step cooling thermostat Compressor
6. 7. 8. 9.
10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
In
this system, two separate ducts are run from the central unit to each of the air terminals, as shown above. winter, two warm air streams, of differing temperatures, are carried to the air terminals, for individual mixing. The temperatures of both air streams are automatically controlled.
In
REHEAT SYSTEM
Same concept with single duct Single Duct with Reheat used for vessel operating in mainly cool climates Air terminals equipped with electric or hot water heating elements (to meet the demands of the room thermostat)