HOT SPOT TECHNOLOGY

Under the Guidance of:

Ms. Rekha .B.H M.Tech

Asst. Professor, CS&E Dept

Presented By:

V. Sharath kumar

OUTLINE

Introduction Background and Motivation Timeline Issues to ponder Thought Process Technology used Final result Advantages and Disadvantage Conclusion

WHAT IS HOT SPOT ?

Hot Spot is an infra-red imaging system used in sport and military. Determine whether the ball has struck bat or pad of player This image processing produce negative image with Hot Spot marks

MOTIVATION

Sports as Profession. Evolution of the Game New Dimension. Enhancing User Experience.

TIMELINE

Invented by Nicholas Bion of France for the purpose of defense The technology was adapted for television by BBG Sports

The technology first used by the Australian Nine Network

ISSUES TO PONDER
Caught

behind- Did the batsman Nick the ball ? Meeting of the ball to the bat. inside edge or not ? When the ball strikes the pad or any other part of the body.

LBW

Camera Calibration

Start Processing

THOUGHT PROCESS

Dark Frame subtraction

DSA Technique

White Patch Development

Final decision

CAMERA POSITION
cameras

wicket

wicket

cameras

PRE-PROCESSING
It

uses infra-red cameras which are positioned either ends, left and right sides ground.

Infra-red cameras

record event in the form

of video.
Infra-red sensors

assign intensity values to each pixel in the frame.

DARK FRAME SUBTRACTION

It

is a way to minimize image noise for pictures taken with long exposure time. captured with the sensor in the dark, an image of noise in an image sensor.

Image

Dark frames

subtracted from subsequent images to correct for fixed-pattern noise.

caused by dark current

That

Fixed-pattern

noise is often causes hot pixels (stuck pixels). They appear as bright pixels

DSA TECHNIQUE
Digital Images

Subtraction Angiography technique.

are produced using contrast medium by subtraction a pre-contrast image. for locating white patches by subtracting a precontrast image from later image. image taken before collision.

Used

Pre-contrast

Contrast

medium is the collision of view of the infrared camera.

image taken at the point of collision.

Later

Continued..
pixels

in the frame having pixel intensity value. Frame in the pixels in which collision will be having higher pixel intensity value.
High pixel intensity value generate white color. lower pixel intensity value generate black color. Later

image having some pixels values which are having much higher intensity value than pre-contrast image. differences in two images help in locating white patches in new frame.

This

WHITE PATCH DEVELOPMENT

New

image obtained by subtracting pre-contrast image from later image. image having high intensity value is due to collision which produce heat.

Later

Heat No

causes rise in pixel intensity value.

action is at the lower intensity value of pixel produces black color. value pixel will be seen as white.

Higher intensity

FINAL RESULT
10 11 12 8

13
7

15
11

14
8

9
9

Frame just before collision (Pre-contrast frame)

10 15 10 Collision of ball with bat 11 100 11 12 15 9 8 8 8

Frame in which collision occurs (Later frame)

0 0 85 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 2 3

Resultant frame

Advantages
Hot

Spot clearly shows exactly where the ball strikes and it is over come the limitation of snickometer. it gives the accurate decision, which was not in the case of Hawk Eye, which was used for LBW decision.

Disadvantage
The main reason for this is its expense: $6000 per day for the use of two cameras and $10000 for the use of four cameras.

CONCLUSION
Hot

Spot is a great innovation, which puts technology to good use in the field of sports. The system has surpassed their expectations, proving both effective and accurate in a number of sports.

Assessing the game both on and off the field.