CLASS 7

SURABHI PANWAR Roll no. -055 Program/Course-B.Ed

What is the circulatory system?

The circulatory system carries blood and dissolved substances to and from different places in the body.

The Heart, blood and blood vessels together make up the Circulatory System.

COMPONENTS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1.BLOOD

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM VIDEO

RED BLOOD CELLS (RBC)

RED BLOOD CELLS:

They are also known as

erythrocytes. Do not have a nucleus Biconcave discs Contain the chemical haemoglobin. Haemoglobin carries oxygen around the body. At the centre of the haemoglobin molecule is an iron atom.

WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBC)

White Blood Cells:

Also called leucocytes.
They are bigger than red blood cells and have large nuclei. Act as the bodys defence system. Some white blood cells surround and consume harmful microbes. Some produce chemicals called antibodies that fight infection.

PLATELETS

Platelets:
Platelets are also carried in the blood.
Formed in red bone marrow.

Platelets help to repair tissues and close wounds both internally and externally.
When needed, they grow into irregular shapes and stick together to form a plug over the wound.

PLASMA

Plasma
It also contains useful things like: carbon dioxide glucose

A strawcoloured liquid that carries the cells and the platelets which help blood clot.

amino acids
proteins minerals vitamins hormones waste materials like urea.

2. BLOOD VESSELS

Blood Vessels :
The circulatory system consists of many tubes that transport and control the flow of blood around the body, these are blood vessels. There are 3 types of blood vessels:

a. b. c.

ARTERY VEIN CAPILLARY

THE ARTERY
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

the elastic fibres allow the artery to stretch under pressure

thick muscle and elastic fibres

the thick muscle can contract to push the blood along.

THE VEIN
Veins carry blood towards from the heart. veins have valves which act to stop the blood from going in the wrong direction. thin muscle and elastic fibres

body muscles surround the veins so that when they contract to move the body, they also squeeze the veins and push the blood along the vessel.

Blood vessels: Valves

When blood is flowing against gravity, or when a vein is squeezed by muscle action, there is a risk that blood will flow in the wrong direction. Veins have valves to prevent backflow.

vein valve open

blood to the heart

vein valve closed

backflow prevented

THE CAPILLARY
Capillaries link Arteries with Veins

they exchange materials between the blood and other body cells.

the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick

The exchange of materials between the blood and the body can only occur through capillaries.

3.HEART

Cardiac system
The four chambers of the heart have special names: An upper chamber is called an atrium (plural: atria).

right atrium
right ventricle

left atrium left ventricle

A lower chamber is called a ventricle.

Cardiac system
Here are some other important parts of the heart: The walls are made of cardiac muscle. The wall dividing the left and right sides of the heart is called the septum. The semi-lunar valves prevent expelled blood flowing back into the heart.

These valves prevent blood flowing back into the atria from the ventricles.

SUMMARY
Circulatory system is the system which transports the

blood through out the body . It consists of blood, blood vessels and heart. Blood consists of RBCs , WBCs, Platelets & Plasma. Blood vessels help in transportation of blood throughout the body and are the following Artery, vein & capillary. Valves prevent the backward flow of blood. Heart has four chambers Left Atrium, Right Atrium, Left Ventricle & Right Ventricle.

REFERENCES:
Google Images Wikipedia www.Biologyonline.com www.britannica.com