Syafiq Aliff Azizi Helmi Fadhil

What is the Exceptional Learner?

Theyre individuals who require special education & related services if they are realize their full human potential. They may have problems in thinking, seeing, hearing, speaking, socializing, or moving.
Mental Retardation Learning Disabilities Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Emotional or Behavior Disorders Communication Disorders Deaf and Hard of Hearing Blindness or Hard of Hearing Blindness or Low Vision Autism Spectrum Disorders

What Is Special Education?

Specially designed instruction, at no cost to

the parents, to meet the unique needs

of a child with a disability.
-Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

What Is Inclusion?
Commitment to educate each child, to the maximum extent appropriate, in the school and classroom he or she would otherwise attend.

Adapting for Students with Special Needs

Size Time Level of support Input Difficulty Output Participation Alternate options Substitute curriculum

Characteristics of Science Barriers

Memory recall Visual processing Auditory processing Motor skills Organizational Deficits Attention Deficits Generalization Negative Attitudes Social skills Language Disorders

(Steele, 2004)

Difficulty
1.

Science Intervention
1.

Accommodation
Materials in large text or Braille, on tape or via computer and enlarge illustrations Provide binoculars, verbalize content Interface lab equipment with computer and provide large print and speech output Provide printed materials, have an interpreter present, face student for lip reading

Reading text or graphics

2.

Seeing materials on blackboard or overhead Reading output from equipment

2.

3.

3.

4.
4. Hearing multimedia and videotaped presentations

(Burgstahler 2003)

Difficulty
5.
6 7.

Science Intervention
5.

Accommodation
Portable computer with speech output

Participating in class discussions due to hearing or speech impairment Understanding concepts due to a specific learning disability Reading because of specific learning disability

6. 7.

Use visual, aural and tactile demonstrations incorporated into instruction Give extra time and access to materials via computer equipped with speech and large print output Provide in-class access to a computer with adaptive technology

8.

Taking notes in class because of mobility or visual impairment

8.

(Burgstahler 2003)

Difficulty
9.

Science Intervention
9.

Accommodation
Have an accessible facility, adjustable-height tables, model lab partner, modified scientific equipment

Operating lab equipment and conducting lab experiments due to mobility impairment

10. Completing an assignment or lab because of a health impairment 11. Doing research

10. Allow flexibility in schedule arrangements 11. Have information accessible on computer with adaptive technology

(Burgstahler 2003)

Assistive Technology

Find the Buttons

Big Keys/Large Keyboards Point to Pictures Turn-Talking

Mouse training for blind children

IntelliMathics

Conversation training software

Inclusive Science Strategies

Modify written

materials Analytic vs. Holistic Specialists + Special Educators

Example of Science Strategies

Accommodations in Delivery of Instruction

Discussion & instruction a variety of ways Projects & themes Breakdown the lesson Limit the amount of knowledge to be mastered Use technology Assessments

Materials presented in Incorporating movement

Modifying the Classroom

Desk location Use an organizational check list system Use mailbox bins

Limit the amount of visual stimuli to prevent distraction Use a token economy system

(Carbone 2001)

Classroom Model for Structural Intervention

door
Blackboard (removed of potential distracters)
Child w/ ADHD Peer Model

X X X X

Peer Model

Free seat

Teachers Desk

Peer Model

X
Peer Model

X X X

Peer Model

Child w/ ADHD

X
window

Help Seat Pencil sharpener

Peer Model

Bookcase Bookcase
(Carbone 2001) Reduced Stimuli Area
Serves as an isolation area.

Classroom mailboxes & Supplies