BIOSTATISTICS
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH/2
SUPERVISOR: PUAN NUR ZAKIAH BINTI MOHD SAAT
SUPERVISOR: PUAN NUR ZAKIAH BINTI MOHD SAAT
MEMBERS:
etiquette on road.
2. To decrease road accidents risk.
3. To improve the knowledge about
road
signs among the students.
4. To know the student comprehension
regarding the road signs
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
• Research Design
- Cross sectional study
• Sampling Method
- Population target ;UKM KL student
n = ____X2NP (1-P)____
∆2(N-1) + X2P(1-P)
= 192
Where X2 = 3.84, ∆ = 0.05, P
= 0.5
But 10% would drop out so,
n* = __192__
(1-0.1)
= 213.3
= 214
Questionnaire
• Distribute : 214
• Responded : 195
• Not responded : 19
• Percentage of not responded :9.74%
questionnaire
DATA ANALYSIS
1st OBJECTIVE:
To identify the students’ s knowledge
about the road signs.
HYPOTHESIS 1
There are differences between knowledge’s
score and comprehension’s score regarding the
road sign.
70 64.4
60
comperhension (%) 50
40
27.8
30 22.2 22.2
18.6 16.7
20 11.1
7.9
10 4.5 4.5
0
correct incorrect
90 80
80 73.2
comperhension (%) 70
60
50
40
30 20
16.3
20 7.4
10 1.1 2.1 0 0 0
0
correct incorrect
50
39.3
40 34.9
32.1
comperhension (%)
28.1
30
19.1 17
20
12.3
9
10 4.5 3.8
0
correct incorrect
HYPOTHESIS 2
There are different in the score of
knowledge between gender, license
availability and area of residential.
HYPOTHESIS 3
There are differences in score of
knowledge on road signs between
gender.
HYPOTHESIS 4
There are differences in score of knowledge
on road signs between student with and
without driving license.
No 61 1.72717 3.02557
• normal
• P value <0.05.
•The score means of the knowledge on road sign
between student with and without driving license
are different.
• t(78.344)=2.569,p<0.05.
4th OBJECTIVE:
To determine the differences in
knowledge about the road signs
among the student who living in
urban and rural area.
HYPOTHESIS 5
There are differences in score of
knowledge on road signs between
the student who living in urban and
rural area.
• Normal
• P value >0.05.
• The score means of the knowledge on
road sign among student who living in
urban and rural area are not different.
• t(193)=0.561, p>0.05
GENDER AREA LICENSE
Median 14 15 15 14 15 14
Mode 15 15 15 13 15 15
Range Minimum 4 0 0 4 4 0
Maximum 17 17 17 17 17 17
5th OBJECTVE:
To identify the source of student’s
knowledge on road sign
HYPOTHESIS 6:
There are association between the
gender/area/license with sources of
student’s knowledge on the road sign.
P = 0.423 X 2 = 0.641
Male 25(64.1%) 14(35.9%) 39(100.00%)
60
Percentage (%)
40
Driving School
20 Non-Driving School
0
Male Female
Gender
P = 0.085 X 2 = 2.966
Urban 77(74.0%) 27(32.0%) 104(100.00%)
50
40
30 Driving School
20 Non-Driving School
10
0
Urban Rural
Area
P = 0.001 X 2 = 43.813
Yes 99(84.6%) 18(15.4%) 117(100.00%)