Consider using:
If you are:
• Comparing a single single sample t-test
sample mean with that of
a hypothetical sample or
population
• Comparing means from paired t-test
the same subjects
measured twice
• Comparing means from
two independent groups
Pooled t-test
(if the variances are not
significantly different) Separate formula t-
(if the variances are test
significantly different)
• Comparing means from One-way ANOVA
more than two
independent groups or
samples Repeated
measures ANOVA
• Comparing means from
the same group measured
twice (within-subjects Repeated
design) measures ANOVA
Testing for
Relationships
Predicting Values
If you wish to predict the value of one
variable from the value of another:
- Consider using Regression Analysis
Assumptions
Underlying t-test
Assumptions:
4. Data are randomly sampled
5. Data are repeated measures
from the same subjects or data
from matched subjects (a
significant positive correlation is
expected)
6. Data are from a population which
is normally distributed.
Assumptions:
4. Data are randomly sampled
5. Data are repeated measures on
the same subjects, or measures
on matched subjects
6. Data are from a population that
is normally distributed
7. The standard deviations of the
two samples or populations are
equal.
8. The data were obtained
independently in each group.
Comments:
• Same as one-way ANOVA
• A RM design increases the power
of the statistical analysis by
Linear Regression
Comments:
• The value of Pearson’s r is from
o to 1 (perfect correlation)
• A positive correlation means
that both variables increase
together, whereas a negative
correlation means that as one
variable increases the other
decreases.
• A statistically significant
correlation does not prove