GIS TOOL TO OPTIMIZE ROUTE PLANNING TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MOTOR VEHICLES IN SRI LANKA

SILVA S.A BANDARA J.M.S.J

Introduction
Urban traffic congestion is one of a

main problem of National road network. Effects the economy of the country. Waste lot of vehicle energy and time of people. Bad route planning and management is one of a main reason

Bad route planning

Air pollution

Noise pollution
Waste fuel energy Increase the idle time of vehicles

Source: Fleet management using GIS and GPS, Silva S.A, Bandara J.M.S.J, 2009

Bad Route Planning

Flyovers as measure to improve intersection

Capacity, Tissa U. Liyanage Flyovers are not a good solution for traffic congestion. However, it is a good strategy to eliminate the delays at railway crossings. Performance of the One way traffic systems in Colombo and Maharagama, Tissa U. Liyanage, W. Janaka Weerawardena Importance of analyze the network before implement a traffic management plan.

Energy efficiency, Emission level and Traffic Flow

Traffic congestion decreases the speed of the

vehicle and increase the idle time. Similarly, it increases the emission level Emission level is a good indication of efficiency of road network Vehicle travel time of road links greatly affects to the emission level Low travel time indicates the low emission level and saving of energy

Speed vs. Traffic Flow Relationship

A Typical Speed Flow Relationship

Available System (TRANSPLAN)

TRANSPLAN is developed by Transport

Engineering Division, University of Moratuwa

Traffic planning model Shortcomings Reliability of traffic flow estimation Cannot find the alternative paths Emission level cannot estimate

Objective
Develop a GIS based model which is called

Integrated Highway Management System (IHMS) by customizing the ArcGIS software using Visual Basic (VB 6)
Optimize the management of highways in

Sri Lanka.

Importance of GIS to Highway Management

Easy to manage the data Can identify the locations easily. Network analysis option can used find the

alternative paths easily. ArcGIS customization helps to users to combine the analysis tools in GIS. Developed programs can be used without having good knowledge of GIS.

IHMS options
Manage the road network data

Find the alternative paths and best paths

Monitor Emission level Manage the accident data

Estimate the traffic flows

Alternative Paths
Link Independent paths
E B G

D
A

Link Barrier

Node independent Path

E
B D A G H

Node Barrier

Network analysis option of IHMS

Estimate the emission level

Methodology is defined in the study of Development

of a vehicle emission inventory for Sri Lanka by L.U Peethika

Emission.Level V L PV PF EF
V L PV PF EF = Total vehicle flow rate of the zone = Total road length of the zone = Percentage of vehicle type = Percentage of vehicle by fuel type = Emission factor

Estimate the emission level

Travel time of road links also should consider

High traffic flow of road links affects to lot of

congestion and increase the emission level

Emission.Level V L PV PF EF T
V L PV PF EF T = Total vehicle flow rate of the zone = Total road length of the zone = Percentage of vehicle type = Percentage of vehicle by fuel type = Emission factor = Total travel time of the vehicles

Emission option of IHMS

Estimate the traffic flow

Combination of capacity retrain and TRC

method used to estimate the traffic. Silva S.A, Bandara J.M.S.J Bandara, Improvements to traffic assignment strategies and network analysis and GIS Alternative routes is concerned Effect of Land use pattern and road type, class and condition also concerned.

Flow Estimation Model of IHMS

Case Study (Southern Province)

The route which has high traffic flows

Case Study (Southern Province)

The improved alternative path which is used go from

Ambalangoda to Tangalla.

Emission Level of Zones

R

R I R R I I

Reduction of Total Emission Level

Existing estimation of total emission level in southern province = 3170 k Total estimation level of southern province after improvement = 3047 k Percentage of emission level drop

= (3170 3047) / 3170

=4%
K = Constant used for represent the emission factors

Assumptions
Speed of a road link is inversely proportional

to traffic flow of a road link. Emission factor of vehicles is same for all vehicles and not varying with the speed of vehicles. Travel distance is the main influenced factor to choose the routes.

Conclusion
IHMS can be used to plan the road network in

efficient way by minimizing the traffic congestion. Minimize the fuel waste and emission level. Road geometry and traffic flow pattern also should concern to estimate the emission level. Travel flow pattern of the day also should concern to estimate the emission level Model should publish in web to manage the national road network data in an efficient manner.

Thank You