INTRODUCTION
Bones have many functions:
as the hemopoetik
DEFINITION
A fracture is the breaking of continuity of bone or cartilage which is
While the collum of the femur fracture is a fracture that occurs at the collum of the femur
EPIDEMIOLOGI
Most of the fractures in the elderly caused by an accident in the house. It happened in women three times greater than that osteoporosis is a major predisposing factor More than 250,000 hip fractures occur in the United States each year (50% including collum fracture of the femur), and this number is
expected to double by the year 2040. 8o% occur in women, and the
incidence to be 2-fold every 5 to 6 years in women aged over 30 years Volpin et al reported as much as 4.7% in 1946 on Israeli military. Zahger et al reported higher rates of femoral collum fracture in women israel military
REVIEW REFERENCES
DEFINITION
Etiology
Neck of femur fracture often occurs in women caused by a combination
Trauma
ANATOMI
Bone of the femur is the strongest, longest, and heaviest in the body
and has a function that is essential for normal movement. This bone
consists of three parts, namely the femoral shaft or diafisis, metaphysical proximal and distal metaphysical. The femoral shaft is tubular sections with slight anterior bow, which lies between the femoral trochanter minor to condylus. The upper end of the femur has the caput, collum, and trochanter major and minor.
Section caput is more or less two thirds of the ball and articulates with the
Caput femoris artery receives blood supply from three sources: (1)
DESCRIPTION CLINIC
Clinical manifestations of fracture is obtained a history of trauma, loss
INVESTIGATION SUPPORTING
Not all signs and symptoms are present in each fracture, so that the
CLASSIFICATION
There are two types of fractures of the femur
Intrakapsuler fracture; Through the head of the femur Just below the femur (capital fracture) Through the neck of the femur Fractures ekstrakapsuler Occurs outside the joint and capsule, through the femur
HANDLING
Conservatives with an indication of the limited Operative therapy Almost all are always done because: Keep accurate and stable reduction Required the rapid mobilization in the elderly to prevent complications Type operative:
Mounting pin
Mounting plate / screw Arthroplasty; performed in patients aged above 55 years old, in the form: Excision arthroplasty (pseudoartrosis according to Girdlestone) Hermiathroplasty Arthropasty total
Complications of a general nature; venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, decubitus Necrosis of the femoral caput avaskuler If location is more to the proximal fracture is likely to occur necrosis avaskuler greater Non-union Because of poor vascularization, the reduction being inaccurate, inadequate fixation and location of the fracture is intra-artikuler Osteoarthritis
COMPLICATIONS
Shortened limbs
Malunion Malrotation of external rotation
Koksavara
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