Presented by: MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN ARIFIN MUHAMMAD LUQMAN BIN YUNUS AHMAD IZZUDDIN BIN MAZLAN AMIRUL HUSSAINI BIN BUJANG AIMI SYAIRAH BINTI ISMAIL BALQIS BINTI MUHAMAD KASIM NUR SYAHIRAH BINTI TUMIRAN
Pyridoxine
Learning Outcomes
Structure
Derivatives of Purine Ring Pyridoxine
Structure
Pyridoxal
Structure
Pyridoxamine
PLP
Metabolism of Vitamin B6
PL PM
PMP
alkaline phosphatase
alkaline phosphatase ECF ICF PM PNP oxidase PL kinase PLP phosphatase PMP PNP oxidase
PA
aldehyde oxidase
PL PNP oxidase PN
PL pyridoxal PLP pyridoxal phosphate PM pyridoxamine PMP pyridoxamine phosphate PN pyridoxine PNP pyridoxine phosphate PA pyridoxic acid
PNP
Therefore, there are six forms of vitamin B6: 1)pyridoxal (PL), 2)pyridoxine (PN), 3)pyridoxamine (PM), 4)pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), 5)pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), 6)pridoxamine 5'-phospate (PMP). 4-pyridoxic acid (PA) is the catabolite which is excreted in the urine. PLP is the active coenzyme form, and has the most importance in human metabolism.
SGPT
B6-P / PLP
Pyruvate
Glutamate
Alanine
(New -amino acid)
-keto Glutarate
(New -keto acid)
2. Decarboxylation of amino acids require PLP catalyzed by decarboxylases. i. Histidine Histamine ii. Cysteine Taurine iii. 5-hydroxy tryptophan serotonin iv. Glutamate GABA (gamma amino butyric acid)
3. PLP is required for the formation of haemoglobin and the growth of red blood cells It acts as coenzyme for the enzyme ALA synthase, in the first step of heme biosynthesis.
4. PLP is required for the synthesis of niacin (vitamin B3) from trytophan.
Tryptophan
Kynurenine
3-OH-Kynurenine
Kynureninase
B6-P / PLP
3-OH-Anthranilic Acid
NIACIN
5. In glycogenolysis, both muscle and liver phosphorylases (glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate) requires PLP as coenzyme.
Gene expression
Formation of ceramide and sphingolipid
Deficiency
Anemia (involved in heme synthesis) Glossitis-inflammation of the tongue Scaly dermatitis Cheilosis Seizures
Cheilosis
Scaly dermatitis
Toxicity
Nerve irritation Headaches Severe fatigue Insomnia Nerve damage
References
Biochemistry Instant Notes for Medical Students; Seetharamaiah Chittiprol Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students; DM Vasudevan, Sreekumari S, Kannan Vaidyanathan http://pathman.smpdb.ca/pathways/SMP00017/pathway?level= 2 http://www.vitamins-supplements.org/vitamin-B6pyridoxine.php http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-QuickFacts/ http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-HealthProfessional/
Thank You
Pyruvic Acid (Recipient -keto acid) Pyridoxal-P Pyridoxamine-P Alanine (New -amino acid)
Pyridoxal-P
B6-P
Decarboxylase
CO2
Histidine
B6-P
Decarboxylase
CO2
Histidine
Histamine
B6-P
Decarboxylase
CO2
Histidine
Histamine