Full/complete Partial
Inspection
Normal arms swing freely/head leads body/equal step intervals: A. Gait & posture B. Elderly
Inspection
Curvatures:
Lordosis
Scoliosis
If found early can be treated Can cause lung expansion problems with heart problems Staged - ABCD
Osteoporosis
Assessing Extremities
Size & Shape Symmetry Deformities Bone enlargement Alignment Gross deformity
Palpation
Range of Motion
Symmetry Limited mobility/Joint instability Spastic movements Contractures Long term bedrest
Muscle Tone
Slight muscular resistance felt by nurse as relaxed extremity is passively moved through ROM Hypertonicity increased resistance frozen Hypotonicity decreased resistance, feels flabby
Muscle Strength
Dominate side usually stronger than nondominate To assess have patient extend and flex against resistance: do both sides at same time
ROM Terminology
Flexion - bending Extension - straighten Abduction away from midline (may be limited with hip surgery) Adduction toward midline
The End