Management Information Systems

Types of information systems

For

different types of organizations For different functions within organizations For different business needs and at different management levels of an organization

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Major Functional Subsystem

Some typical uses

Marketing
Manufacturing

Sales forecasting, sales planning, customer and sales analysis

Production planning and scheduling, cost control analysis.

Logistics
Personnel

Planning and control of purchasing, inventories, distribution

Planning personnel requirements, performance, salary administration. analyzing

Finance and Financial analysis, cost analysis, capital requirements Accounting planning, income measurement Information processing Top management Information analysis system planning, cost-effectiveness

Strategic Planning, resource allocation

Value Chain and IS

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Activity Subsystem Transaction Processing

Some typical uses Processing of orders, shipments and receipts

Operational control Scheduling of activities and performance reports Management control Strategic planning Formulation of budgets and resource allocation Formulation of objectives and strategic plans
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Operational Management Time Scales Immediate

Middle Management

Strategic Management Long Term

Level of Detail

Highly detailed Internal

Summarised

Source

External

Degree of Uncertainty Frequency

Certain

Uncertain

Frequent

Infrequent

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How MIS Obtains Data from TPS

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Decision Support Systems

Serve middle management Support non routine decision making

E.g. What is impact on production schedule if December sales doubled?

Often use external information as well from TPS and MIS DSS are either Model-Driven (What if) or data-driven (Online Analytical Processing)

Voyage Estimation Model based DSS

Executive support systems

Support

senior management Address nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight Incorporate data about external events as well as summarized information from internal MIS and DSS E.g. ESS that provides minute-tominute view of firms financial performance as measured by working capital, AP / AR, cash flow, and inventory.
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Model of an ESS
This system pools data from diverse internal and external sources and makes them available to executives in an easy-to-use form.

Interrelationships Among Systems

TPS are major producers of information, which, in turn, produce information for other systems. increasingly firms are using new technologies to integrate information that resides in many different systems.

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Types of Decisions
Level
Structured Decisions

Operational Control
Inventory Reorder, Production Scheduling

Management Strategic Control Planning

Pricing of Bids, Selection of credit line Institutions
Allocation of advertising, Internal organization of a deptt

Acquisition of a company, addition of new product line

Unstructured Decisions

Vendor Selection, hiring new supervisor

Entry into new market, new organization of company

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Information Characteristics Structured

Prespecified Scheduled Detailed Frequent Historical Internal Narrow Focus

Unstructured Ad Hoc Unscheduled Summarized Infrequent Forward Looking External Wide Scope
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Campus Overview
Ahmedabad Kolkata Mumbai

907/A Uvarshad, Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382422.

Infinity Benchmark, 10th Floor, Plot G1, Block EP & GP, Sector V, Salt-Lake, Kolkata 700091.

Goldline Business Centre Linkway Estate, Next to Chincholi Fire Brigade, Malad (West), Mumbai 400 064.