Blcea Cristian

AES
Air conditioning systems (A/C)
significantly increases the energy consumption of a vehicle
negatively influences the vehicle performance.
Smart A/C system operation
reduces the running costs
has positive effect on the environment
Advantages of the presented solution:
reduced energy consumption
improved efficiency
Main method: The look-ahead system
GPS and GIS is used to determine the road geometry of the
journey

2/17

(a) engine,
(b) cabin room.
3/17
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engine exhaust air cabin ambient metabolic
radiation solar reflected radiation solar diffuse radiation solar direct d transferre
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on accelerati accessory slope drag friction road
fuel
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combustion fuel combustion
demand power road loss heat mechanical air fuel otto combustion
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exhaust air fuel combustion

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The energy balance equation for the controlled volume of the vehicle
engine is



where the left hand side term calculates the generated
power and the right hand side terms give the consuming powers.

The energy balance equation taking into account the losses by the
corresponding efficiencies is



where we can make the following replacements:


demand power road heatloss oil water combustion
exhaust air fuel combustion
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on accelerati accessory slope drag friction road demand power road

combustion fuel combustion
P P P P P P
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+ + + + =
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4/17
We get the mass flow rate fuel consumption of the vehicle to be




and from this we can calculate the total fuel consumption in the
process


The energy balance equation for the cabin room air is



Where





loss heat mechanical air fuel otto combustion
on accelerati accessory slope drag friction road
fuel
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P P P P P
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evaporator air cabin on ventialati
engine exhaust air cabin ambient metabolic
radiation solar reflected radiation solar diffuse radiation solar direct d transferre
air cabin air cabin air cabin d transferre
T
fuel fuel
loss heat mechanical air fuel otto combustion
on accelerati accessory slope drag friction road
fuel
on accelerati accessory slope drag friction road demand power road
combustion fuel combustion
demand power road loss heat mechanical air fuel otto combustion
demand power road heatloss oil water combustion
exhaust air fuel combustion

+
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+ + =
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dt m m
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air cabin air cabin air cabin d transferre

T C m t Q
_ _ _
) (

=
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_
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_ _ _ _ _ _
t Q T t Q
Q Q T t Q Q
t Q t Q t Q t Q
evaporator air cabin on ventialati
engine exhaust air cabin ambient metabolic
radiation solar reflected radiation solar diffuse radiation solar direct d transferre



+
+ + + +
+ + =
5/17
An intelligent energy management is able to reduce the energy
consumption of vehicle air conditioning and improve its efficiency by
using the look-ahead system and road power demand by
considering rolling power, up and down hill power and aerodynamic
drag from the wind.

The look-ahead system is an algorithm that estimates future road
slope within a distance of 300-500 m ahead of the vehicle by
determining the sampling locations of slope.

In order to calculate the prediction slope angle, the geometric means
is used and then the angle result can be calculated by using look-
ahead function between the current angle and the predicted angle.

6/17
The angle result between the current and the predicted
can be calculated by look-ahead function:









Where is a small positive angle.
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7/17
(a) sampling locations
(b) calculation system
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Simulation duration: 2400s
Initial temperature: 50 C
Confort temperature: 21.5 C 2.35 C
Time of achieving the confort temperature: 45s
Energy consumption: 04000W
Fuel consumption: 6.86 L/100 km
Travel distance: 49.3km

The simulation was performed under sunny conditions, controlling
the blower, the air conditioning, and the gates.


15/17
The paper presents an intelligent air conditioning control system
that reduces the energy consumption of the vehicle and improves its
efficiency.

An intelligent air conditioning system controls the operation of the
A/C, blower, and fresh air and recirculation gates to provide the
desired comfort temperature and indoor air quality, by using the
developed fuzzy air conditioning look-ahead system.

The reduced energy usage under the reported simulation conditions
was by approximately 12% compared with using the Coordinated
Energy Management System (CEMS) method.
16/17
H. Khayyama, S. Nahavandi, E. Hu, A. Kouzani, A. Chonka, J.
Abawajy, V. Marano, S. Davis, Intelligent energy management control
of vehicle air conditioning via look-ahead system, Applied Thermal
Engineering 31 (2011) 3147-3160
17/17