SUBJECT
PREDICATE
Basic Elements
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Mary
plays tennis.
Nouns
Examples
John went for a walk. (Person) Towns are quiet after a snow fall. (Place) Eggs roll on a counter. (Thing) Silence is golden. (Quality) Peace is at hand. (Idea)
Verb
A verb is a word that shows the action or state-of-being of the subject of the sentence.
Examples: Sally sneezed. (Physical action) John thinks. (Mental action) Jesse is my friend. (State of being)
Simple Sentence
Observe how a simple sentence is constructed:
Simple Sentence
Pronoun Verb Prepositional phrase
SIMPLE SENTENCE
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
Mary
one subject
plays tennis.
one predicate
Simple Sentence
play tennis.
Compound Subject
&
Compound Subject
A simple sentence may contain two or more subjects.
Example
1. 2. 3. Bill and Sue want to go to the movies. Jason and his friends work together. Are the car and truck parked outside?
4.
5.
Simple Sentence
Compound Subject
Compound Predicate
&
&
Compound Verb
Just like subjects, sentences can have two or more words that represent the action. Jill ran and sang down the street.
Example
1. 1. Sally swam and played all afternoon. The dogs had barked all night and slept all day.
2.
3. 4.
Michelle came home yesterday and did not work all day.
The basketball team rode on a bus and flew in a plane to attend the game. The park is dark and spooky at night and can be delightful on sunny days.
Example
1.
2.
to jog.
3. The Army and the Navy had a football game and filled
S the stadium.
In this chapter, the conjunctions so, or , but , because and and are used. Example : The baby cried.
Second idea
The conjunctions so links the first idea and the second idea. Now it becomes a compound sentence. Below are more examples of compound sentence. 1. Rahim loves swimming. His best friends loves swimming too. Rahim and his friend love swimming. 2.
Shida was late. She missed the bus. Shida was late because she missed the bus.
A complex sentence is a sentence that has a main clause and a subordinate clause. The main clause is a sentence that can stand on its own. Example :
1. Hussein is a kind man. (main clause) 2. The cat belonged to my sister. ( main clause)
We can understand what the sentence means.
A subordinate clause is a string of words phrases that support the main clause and it cannot stand on its own. Example: 1. who likes to help others. (subordinate clause) 2. which you found yesterday. (subordinate clause)
Subordinate clauses are not complete. They need to be paired with the main clause. Note that: who likes to help others and which you found yesterday depend on the main clauses to give them meanings.
Hussein is a kind man who likes to help others. ( main clause) ( subordinate clause)
( main clause )
( the cat ) which you found yesterday (belonged to my sister.) ( subordinate clause)
In the examples shown, you notice that the words who and which are used in the subordinate clauses. They help to link the main clause and the subordinate clause. They are called relative pronouns. Other common pronouns are whose, whom and that