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Chromosome Structure
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Chromosome Number
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Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Eukaryotic Cell Division

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Cell Cycle
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Cytokinesis

Chromosome Chromosome Prokaryotic Cell Number Structure Division

Eukaryotic Cell Division

Cell Cycle

Cytokinesis

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This molecule makes up Chromosomes

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What is DNA?

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Eukaryotic DNA coils around these proteins

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What are Histones?

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Six billion pairs of these make up DNA

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What are nucleotides?

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Control activity of specific areas of DNA

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What are Nonhistone proteins?

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Identical halves of a chromosome

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What are sister chromatids?

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Chromosome number found in human somatic cells

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What is 46?

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Last two possible chromosomes on a karyotype

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What is XX or XY (sex chromosomes)?

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Human egg and sperm with only 23 chromosomes have this chromosome number
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What is 1n or haploid?

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All the chromosomes in an organism except X and Y

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What are autosomes?

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Number of copies of each autosome found in the body cell of an organism

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What is two?

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Example of a common prokaryote

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What are bacteria?

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Characteristic that groups all Prokaryotes together

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What is no nucleus & no membranebound organelles?

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Type of reproduction used by bacteria

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What is asexual?

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Division of prokaryotic cells is called this

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What is binary fission?

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Comparison of daughter cells formed when a bacterial cell divides

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What is identical?

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Organelle in eukaryotes where DNA is found

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What is the nucleus?

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Division of body cells is called this

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What is mitosis?

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Cell division that occurs in the ovaries & testes

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What is Meiosis?

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Most common type of reproduction used by unicellular eukaryotes

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What is mitosis?

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Fastest method of reproduction in eukaryotes

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What is mitosis?

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The longest phase of the cell cycle

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What is interphase?

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Shortest phase of the cell cycle

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What is cytokinesis?

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Phase of the cell cycle in which the nucleus divides

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What is mitosis?

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Phase of the cell cycle when DNA is copied

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What is the S phase?

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Phase where cells exit the cell cycle and dont divide or copy DNA
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What is the Go phase?

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This part of a cell undergoes division

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What is cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis begins during this mitotic stage

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What is telophase?

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This forms and divides animal cells

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What is a cleavage furrow?

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This forms and divides plant cells

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What is a cell plate?

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The amount of organelles a cell has immediately following cytokinesis

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What is one-half?

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Mitotic Spindle

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Division of Body Cells

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Prefixes and Suffixes

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Meiosis I

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Meiosis II

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Gametogenesis

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Mitotic Spindle

Division of Body Cells

Prefixes & Suffixes

Meiosis I

Meiosis II

Gametogenesis

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Mitotic phase in which the spindle begins to form

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What is prophase?

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Pair of cylindrical bodies in animal cells that forms the spindle

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What are centrioles?

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Spindle fibers are made of these structures found in the cytoplasm

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What are microtubules?

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Spindle fibers that attach to the centromere of a chromosome pair

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What are kinetochore fibers?

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Spindle fibers that extend completely across a dividing cell

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What are polar fibers?

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Another name for body cells

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What are somatic cells?

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Chromosome number found in human body cells

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What is 46 or 2n?

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Type of reproduction used by body cells

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What is asexual?

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Two examples of cells in humans that arent called body cells

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What are eggs & sperm?

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Type of cell in the body that does not undergo cell division
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What are nerve cells?

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Prefix meaning two

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What is di-?

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Suffix meaning cell

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What is cyte?

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Prefix meaning middle

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What is meta-?

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Prefix meaning the same

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What is homo-?

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Prefix meaning egg

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What is oo-?

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Phase in which DNA coils into chromosomes

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What is Prophase I?

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Two structures that disassemble at the beginning of Meiosis I

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What is the nucleolus & nuclear envelope?

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The pairing of homologous chromosomes

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What is synapsis?

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Number of chromosomes in a tetrad

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What is four?

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Exchange of genes that occurs during Meiosis I

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What is crossingover?

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This process occurs before Meiosis I, but Not before Meiosis II

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What is copying DNA?

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Spindle fibers reform in this phase

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What is Prophase II?

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Chromosomes are found here during Metaphase I

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What is the equator?

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Organs in which Meiosis occurs

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What are the testes and ovaries?

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128

Chromosome number of cells at the end of Meiosis II

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What is 1n or haploid?

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Another name for reproductive cells such as the egg & sperm
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What are gametes?

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Production of sperm cells

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What is spermatogenesis?

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Number of sperm cells formed during Gametogenesis

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What is four?

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These small cells degenerate during oogenesis

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What are polar bodies?

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Chromosome number found in a human spermatid

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What is 1n = 23?

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Chromosomes with identical size, shape, & traits, but different alleles
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What are Homologs?

142