TELECOMMUNICATIONS

AND NETWORKS

GROUP MEMBERS
DHWANISH SANGHAVI RAJESH HULE

NIKET BHAVSAR
AKSHAY SOLANKI NELSON VAZ VISHAL Gupta

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS TELECOMMUNICATION?

WHY IT IS REQUIRED?
ROLE OF TELECOMMUNICATION

SYSTEM COMPONENTS
COMPUTERS TERMINALS: Input / output devices

COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS
PROCESSORS: Modems, multiplexers, front-end processors COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE

ANALOG SIGNAL
CONTINUOUS WAVEFORM PASSES THRU SYSTEM VOICE COMMUNICATIONS

DIGITAL SIGNAL
DISCRETE WAVEFORM TWO DISCRETE STATES : 1-BIT & 0-BIT ON / OFF PULSE DATA COMMUNICATION USES MODEM TO TRANSLATE ANALOG TO DIGITAL, DIGITAL TO ANALOG

00101110101100100010000101111010110010110010101101100

COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
MEANS BY WHICH DATA ARE TRANSMITTED: TWISTED WIRES: Copper Wires

COAXIAL CABLE: Insulated Copper Wires

FIBER-OPTIC CABLE MICROWAVE

WIRELESS TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES

CELLULAR TELEPHONE: Device uses radio waves to reach antennas within areas called cells
MOBILE DATA NETWORKS: Radio - based data network using handheld computers, cheap, efficient

ORBITING SATELLITES

MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION

UPLINK

DOWNLINK

NETWORKS
What is Network ? Topology Of Networks

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

STAR TOPOLOGY

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

BUS TOPOLOGY

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

RING TOPOLOGY

LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

GATEWAY: Connection to other networks ROUTER: Forwards data to other networks

NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS): Manages file server; routes communications on network
PEER - TO - PEER: In some small networks all computers have equal power

WIDE - AREA NETWORK (WAN)

Network spans large geographic distances. Can include cable, satellite, microwave
SWITCHED LINES: Route determined by current traffic DEDICATED LINES: Constantly available for high-volume traffic

FEATURES OF TELECOMM
ELECTRONIC MAIL (e-mail) VOICE MAIL

FACSIMILE MACHINES (fax)

TELECONFERENCING DATACONFERENCING VIDEOCONFERENCING

Advantages
Faster to communicate than by mail

access hundreds of television stations with the push of a button

send/receive e-mail Internet browsing (information) on-line transactions (e-business) Saves time

Disadvantages
Remote areas do not have access
Cannot see whom you are speaking

Expensive equipment needed

Relatively high monthly costs to maintain access. You must be careful of the sites you trust

Application
Telegraph
Telephone Television

Internet

Hazards' of Telecommunication
Interfering in others Life Blackmailing Global warming

Conclusion
Telecommunication & networking are becoming a strategic cornerstone for organizations in every industry. As companies explore new global marketplaces and virtual organizations, they rely increasingly on electronic communication & also useful in the day to day life

THANK YOU