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INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP ORAL PRESENTATION DURATION: 01ST OCTOBER 2012 12TH APRIL 2013

CONSTRUCTING A NEW 2.5 KM ROAD FROM KAMUNTING TO ANAK KURAU BY USING SOIL CEMENT STABILIZATION
Supervisors: UTP: Dr. Mohd Faris Khamidi I.Z.A : Mr. Mior Azlan Mior Nazrin

Presenter: ODU PAUL DUKU ERIKOLE Martix No. 14115

HOST COMPANY: I.Z.A CONSTRUCTION CO. SDN BHD

Internship Objectives
To apply theoretical knowledge in industrial application To expose the students to ethical and professional work culture, industrial practices and potential employers To develop students skills in work ethics, communication, leadership and management To engage students in real research-based assignments, research-based activities and team-work activities

Presentation Objectives:

1) To explain the materials used in soil cement stabilization. 2) To explain the phases of work in the soil cement stabilization of subgrade. 3) To explain the advantages of soil cement stabilization over convectional flexible pavement.

Presentation Outline
About I.Z.A Construction Company Project Location Unsuitable site conditions (problem encountered) Soil cement stabilization- solution to the problem Materials used in soil cement stabilization. Phases of work before, during and after soil cement stabilization Advantages of soil cement stabilization over convectional flexible pavement Conclusion and Recommendations Q & A Session General Conclusion

I.Z.A Construction Company Profile


Class 'A' Private Limited company Formed on 15th September 1982 Incorporated under the Company Act 1965 on the 21st September 1991 The Board of Directors: Dato' Baharuddin Bin Hj. Mahyuddin and Mr. Farouk Bin Anwar Secured and completed contracts >RM 560 million HQ: Taman Song Choon 31350 Ipoh, Perak

Project Location

Anak Kurau

Taiping Larut Dan Matang


Perak Connecting State Road A7 to A137

Problem Encountered
Most of the soil at the project site is unsuitable A conventional solution:
Soil substitution-excavate the loose soil layers and replace them with frictional material of higher bearing capacity

Problem with soil substitution


expensive Problematic-the replaced material must be disposed of and new filling material hauled to the site. takes longer time not environmentally friendly method

Effective solution
Soil cement Stabilization of the subgrade (site) materials Objective of Soil cement Stabilization of the subgrade
Reduce cost of road construction in terms of materials, time and maintenance.

What is Soil Cement Stabilization?

A process to improve the strength, durability and permeability (Engineering Properties) of soil by: 1. Pulverizing the soil, 2. homogenously mixing cement into the pulverized soil and 3. thoroughly compacting the mixture.

Materials Used in Soil Cement Stabilization

Three (3) different materials are used:


1) Portland Cement
Type I, IA, II & III (Normal, Air Entraining ,Sulfate Resistant Cement and High Early Strength Cement)

2) Soil
Granular, well graded but not heavy clay nor soil with high organic content.

3) Water
Clean and free from harmful amount of acid, alkalis, oil and organic matter To obtain maximum compaction and hydrate the cement

Phases of work normally required for the soil cement stabilization of subgrade

a) Prior to Soil Cement Stabilization b) Soil Cement Stabilization Works c) Post Soil Cement Stabilization

Prior to Soil Cement Stabilization

1) 2) 3) 4)

Mobilization of Machinery Site Clearing and Earthwork Foundation and Drainage Testing and Design Mix

Mobilization of Machinery

Site Clearing and Earthwork

Site Clearing
Clear the site of trees, vegetation, undergrowth, bushes Demolish existing structures in the entire area of the road reserve

Earthwork
Original Ground Level (OGL) higher or lower than Finished Road level? Strip topsoil Higher OGL- cut the area Lower OGL- fill with suitable materials

Foundation and Drainage

Foundation
Stable and durable?

Adequately compacted

Drainage
Adequate drainage? b. No standing water on the completed work?
a.

Sampling, Testing and Mix design


Sampling

Testing
Sieve Analysis
Materials making excellent soil-cement contain: Granular materials well graded materials

Optimum Moisture Content


Maximum dry density (MDD) for all compaction is obtained at the optimum water content (OMC

MIX DESIGN
Depends on Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test results. UCS Test is used to calculate undrained shear strength used to determine the bearing capacity of foundations

Minimum unconfined compressive strength at 7 days for cement and 28 days for lime, lime-cement, and lime-cement-fly ash stabilized soils (Guyer, 2011).pg11

Stabilized soil layer

Minimum Unconfined Compressive strength, MN/m2

Flexible Pavement

Rigid Pavement

Base course

5.171

3.447

Sub-base course, select material or subgrade

1.723

1.379

In-Situ (CBR) Test


used to determine the resistance of the subgrade to deformation under the load from vehicle wheels. The stronger the subgrade (high CBR value), the less thick the road pavement is design and constructed.

CBR Value before and after stabilization


CH 20, Before Soil Cement Stabilization Jack/Load rig no. Mass of Surcharge: Penetration of 0.0318 KN/div 4.5 kg Force on Plunger Standard CBR Value
6 5 4 Force (KN) 3 2 1 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 Penetration (mm) 2 2.5 3

CBR Graph before Soil Cement Stabilization


Force (KN)
0 1.1 2.5 3.8 4.8 5.565 13.24 42.031722

Plunger (mm)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Load Guage
0 35 80 120 150 175

KN

(%)

CH 150, Age: 3days after Soil Cement Stabilization Jack/Load rig no. 0.02577 KN/div Force on Penetration of Plunger Standard CBR Value Plunger (mm) Load Guage KN Force (KN) (%) 0 0 0 0.5 193 4.97361 1 220 5.6694 1.5 290 7.4733 2 361 9.30297 2.5 429 11.05533 13.2 83.7525 3 457 11.77689 3.5 479 12.34383 4 594 15.30738 4.5 615 15.84855 5 625 16.10625 20 80.53125 Average 82.141875

CH 110, Age: 7days after Soil Cement Stabilization Jack/Load rig no. 0.02577 KN/div Penetration of Force on Plunger Standard CBR Value Plunger (mm) Load Guage KN Force (KN) (%) 0 0 0 0.5 185 4.76745 1 283 7.29291 1.5 420 10.8234 2 517 13.32309 2.5 580 14.9466 13.2 113.23182 3 623 16.05471 3.5 654 16.85358 4 680 17.5236 4.5 710 18.2967 5 725 18.68325 20 93.41625 Average 103.32403

Soil Cement Stabilization Process

Curing and Quality Control

Post Soil Cement Stabilization

1) Fill irregularities (pot holes) with premix chippings 2) Application of tact coat 3) Spreading the hot premix (1210C-1630C) by mechanical paver to the required depth 4) Compact thoroughly by rolling 5) Apply seal coat

Cross sections of Conventional Flexible Pavement and Soil Cement Stabilized Flexible Pavement
SOIL CEMENT STABILIZATION FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION

CONVENTIONAL FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION

Advantages of Soil cement stabilization over Convection Flexible Pavement


Lower Cost, uses inexpensive local materials Takes shorter time to stabilize soil Reduced thickness, conserves and / or reallocates aggregates Reduce traffic impacts, no need to dispose of replaced material and to haul new filling material to the site Eco-friendly method, reduces greenhouse gas emissions during mining, processing, and transportation of crush run Easy maintenance, pulverize deteriorated pavement, apply cement, mix, compact, finish grade and overlay new HMA Environmentally Sustainable, recycles existing deteriorated pavement materialsreduce landfill usage.

CONCLUSION
Soil Cement Stabilization Materials for Soil Cement Stabilization Phases of work required for soil cement stabilization of subgrade Advantages of soil cement stabilization for pavement over conventional flexible pavement

Recommendations

It is not advisable to proceed with the stabilization under the following climatic conditions:
The ambient temperature is below 50C or above 380C It is raining or likely to rain The wind is sufficiently strong to cause the additive to become airborne During conditions that may cause danger to people, property or the environment

General Conclusion
3 days course about Microsoft Project 2010 Quantity determination
Reinforcement bars for culvert wingwalls Measure and calculate total area for closed turfing Measure and calculate volume of daily imported earth

Quality control
Slump test Cube test Speedy test

Supervision of daily site activities Report


Weekly progress report Help PM in preparing Monthly report

Q & A Session

Thank you

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