CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Represented By:Pankaj M. Bhalala

M.Sc EST(3rd Sem.) Roll No. - 34
Institute of science and technology for advanced studies and research.

DEFINATION:

Any chemical that can cause illness, injury, or an emergency.

What is a hazardous chemical? A hazardous chemical is any chemical that can do harm to your body.

SOURCE OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

Vapour or gases produced from solvent used in extraction of plants, purification of synthetic drugs & in chemical analysis.

Liquid chemicals if spilled on workers.

CATEGORIES OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS:

Flammable

or explosive Gasoline, kerosene. to skin, lungs, eyes Strong acids, strong alkali, paint fumes. with oxygen uptake, delivery, and use

Irritating

Interfere

in body Carbon monoxide, Hydrogen sulfide, cyanide.

 Neurotoxins

(some rapidly, acutely lethal) Military nerve gas, Most insecticides Botulinum toxin (Botox, food poisoning)

Immune blockers - inhibit immune responses. Mutagens Carcinogens

TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

There are 2 basic types of chemical hazards

Physical

Hazards Health Hazards

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but become dangerous when in contact with other substances.

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Chemicals are classified as having Physical Hazards if they are Explosive Combustible Liquids Flammable Water Reactive Oxidizers

HEALTH HAZARDS

Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard if they: Can cause cancer Are poisonous (toxic) Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or nervous system Are corrosive - such as acids Cause allergic reactions after repeated exposure

Flammable Any substance that will burn if exposed to an open flame.

Explosive A substance that may explode if exposed to heat or flame.

Toxic/Poison A substance that can lead to death if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by the skin. Corrosive A substance that can destroy or burn living tissue.

Irritant - A substance that causes inflammation upon contact with skin or mucous membranes.
Environmental Substances that are harmful to the environment.

PROTECTION AND PREVENTION:

Personal protective cloth. Leak proof connections. Piping and storage tank should be colour code. Flammable & explosive chemicals should keep at proper distance. Pressure regulators and relief valves. All materials should be resistance to chemicals. Warning and symbols.

SAFETY MEASURES:
Chemical hazard pocket guide should be consulted. No drinking, eating or smoking where chemicals are kept or used. Skin should be covered with protective clothing. Face mask may used.

Workers must be changed routinely. Proper ventilation. Workers should immediately be removed if any problem arises.

REFERENCES: