DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND THEIR USES

Name Roll No Semester University

Database:
Is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. Usually contains software so that a person or program can use it to answer queries or extract desired information. The term "database" refers to the collection of related records, and the software should be referred to as the database management system (DBMS).

Database Management:

Is a computer software made for organizing, analyzing and modifying the information stored in a database. It is a set of programs that helps in controlling the organization's storage and retrieval of data in a database. It helps manage the design process and builds a bridge between the design chain and extended enterprise for optimal design and resource management.

The Benefits :

Increase productivity through real-time component data and design re-use. Consolidate parts, inventory and manufacturing requirements. Decision support through integration with enterprise business systems applications. Information systems can be changed easily according to the company's requirements.

Examples of DBMS:
Oracle Microsoft Access Microsoft SQL server Firebird FileMaker

MICROSOFT ACCESS SCREEN SHOTS:

Examples of database applications:

computerized library systems automated teller machines flight reservation systems

computerized parts inventory systems

Types of database management system models:

DISTRIBUTED DATABASE MODEL

NETWORK DATABASE MODEL OBJECT ORIENTED DATABASE MODEL HIERARICIAL DATABASE MODEL RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL

1-DISTRIBUTED DATABASE:

Many users can access the database at the same time without interfering each other.

Economical and can be modified, added or removed from the system easily.

2-NETWORK DATABASE:
The network model tends to store records with links to other records. Most network databases tend to also include some form of hierarchical model. Used when large organizations spread over wide geographical area.

3-OBJECT ORIENTED DATABASE:

Information is represented in the form of objects as used in Object-Oriented programming. When database capabilities are combined with object programming language capabilities, the result is an object database management system (ODBMS). Generally recommended when there is a business need for high performance processing on complex data.

HIERARCHICAL DATABASE:
Data are organized into a tree-like structure. The structure allows repeating information using parent/child relationships :each parent can have many children but each child only has one parent. An example : -organization had records of employees in a table called Employees and another called Children

RELATIONAL DATABASE:

Users (or programs) request data from a relational database by sending it a query that is written in a special language, usually a dialect of SQL.

Business Performance Management (BPM):

Is

a set of processes that help organizations optimize their BPM helps businesses make business performance. efficient use of their financial, human, material andfor other It is a framework organizing resources. and analyzing business methodologies, processes and systems that drive business performance.

Data Security:

Is to ensure that data is kept safe from corruption and that access to it is suitably controlled. So help in ensure privacy. It also helps in protecting personal data.

ERP system: Definition

ERP is a set of integrated business applications, or modules which carry out common business functions such as general ledger, accounting, or order management

What is ERP?
Enterprise Resource Planning Support business through optimizing, maintaining, and tracking business functions Broken down into business processes

HRM Distribution Financials Manufacturing

What makes ERP different

Integrated modules Common definitions Common database Update one module, automatically updates others ERP systems reflect a specific way of doing business Must look at your value chains, rather than functions

Benefits of ERP
Common set of data Help in integrating applications for decision making and planning Allow departments to talk to each other Easy to integrate by using processed built into ERP software A way to force BPR (reengineering) Easy way to solve Y2K problem

Vendors

Difficulty in implementation
Very difficult Extremely costly and time intensive Typical: over $10,000,000 and over a year to implement Company may implement only certain modules of entire ERP system You will need an outside consultant

Common Pitfalls
Do not adequately benchmark current state Did not plan for major transformation Did not have executive sponsorship Did not adequately map out goals and objectives Highly customized systems to look like old MRP systems

WHAT IS ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE?

A Definition From Book:

EDI is computer-to-computer communication using a standard data format to exchange business information between companies.
Consider the Postal System

Ex:

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WHAT IS ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE?

A Definition From Net:

(EDI) is about doing business and carrying out transactions with your trading partners electronically.
EDI covers most things that are traditionally done using paper-based communication.

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Benefits of EDI (From Net)

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IS EDI FOR YOU?

Companies should be wary of vendors that try to convince them how easy and inexpensive it is to implement EDI. This is partially true, but before spending money, all implications and expenditures should be considered. Communication costs, ongoing maintenance, hardware costs, data volumes, and data availability should be investigated before investing.

A word of warning: it is difficult to quantify costs and determine a return on investment for using EDI because it is a complex system which affects multiple business functional areas.
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