Knowledge to the World

8th June,2009

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Cellular Wireless System Evolution

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Beyond 3G

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3GPP Evolution

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LTE in the 3GPP & 3GPP2 Road Maps

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Building Blocks of LTE Network

Air Interface
OFDM Multiple Antenna Technique

Radio Network Architecture

Distributed Architecture IP Based Architecture

Core Network
IP Based

LTE introduces significant changes in the three major areas: The air Interface, The radio network and the core network. Key air interface changes include the introduction of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) Technology along with the fully-integrated use of multiple antenna techniques such as Multiple input Multiple Output(MIMO) antenna techniques. As a result of these key changes, LTE air interface supports very high data rate

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Building Blocks of LTE Network

Air Interface
OFDM Multiple Antenna Technique

Radio Network Architecture

Distributed Architecture IP Based Architecture

Core Network
IP Based

LTE Changes the hierarchical architecture of the UMTS or 1XEVDO network and converts the radio network into an IP-based distributed network. IP-based backhaul network will reduce backhaul cost. A Fully Packetized IP-based core network will replace the separate circuit-switched and Packet-switched core network which provide scalability and reduce cost.

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MIMO

Based on above Figure ,the received signals can be expressed as

where H is the 22 channel matrix.

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Requirements of LTE

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LTE Leverages New and Wider Spectrum

HSPA+ & LTE in 5 MHz Provide similar performance

LTE for wider bandwidths complements HSPA+

Flexible Bandwidth Allocation

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LTE Enabling Technologies

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LTE Enabling Technologies

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Key Features of LTE

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Key Features of LTE

LTE Support date rate of over 300 Mbps in the downlink and more than 80 Mbps in the Uplink. LTE Reduce packet latency by reducing the number of nodes in the network. It uses OFDM based technology with MIMO technology, resulting in a higher spectral efficiency and increased capacity. By improving data rate, LTE reduces Latency and offers a rich multimedia user experience In Summary: LTE aims to offer a rich user experience that includes voice, data, and video in a mobile environment, anywhere, anytime with lower deployment cost

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LTE Air Interface

LTE uses orthogonal Frequency Division Access(OFDMA) for downlink transmissions.

Multiple

It uses Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SCFDMA) technology for uplink transmissions. LTE supports both TDD(Time Division Duplex) FDD(Frequency Division Duplex) modes of operation.
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and

Protocol Architecture

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LTE Network Architecture

The 3GPP standards call LTEs radio access network the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network(E-UTRAN). In order to reduce the Latency experienced by packets, LTE reduces the UTRAN network to a single node type called an evolved Node B(eNodeB). eNodeB combines the functions of the Radio Network Controller(RNC) and the Node B into the eNodeB, Hence reducing the number of nodes in the network.

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LTE Network Architecture

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LTE Network Architecture

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LTE Network Architecture

HSS: Home Subscriber Server

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LTE Network Architecture

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Frame Structure

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Frame Structure Type-1

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Frame Structure Type-2

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LTE Standards Specifications

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References
3GPP LTE Spec http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36-series.htm http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/25814.htm(old) E. Dahlmanet al., 3G Evolution: HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband, Academic Press, 2007 H. Ekstrmet al., Technical Solutions for the 3G Long-Term Evolution,IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 44, no. 3, March 2006, Award Solutions -USA .

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