SULPHATE RESISTANCE OF TERNARY BLENDED FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE A DISSERTATION ON

PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY

BY A.BHASKAR
Roll No.11016T6013,M.Tech IV Semester

Under The Guidence Of Shri D.Hari Krishna Asso.Prof. CED, KITS, Warangal

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING KAKATIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, WARANGAL - 15.

CONTENTS

OBJECTIVES

INTRODUCTION
FACTORS DEPENDS ON SEVERITY OF SULPHATE ATTACK SCOPE REFERENCES

OBJECTIVES
To study the effect of sodium sulphate at 5% concentration on Ternary blended fibre reinforced concrete at 90 days of immersion in sulphate solution. To find the optimum mix to resist the effect of Sulphates.

To study the effect of partial replacement of cement by silica and Fly ash in
different percentages at 28 days compressive strength.

INTRODUCTION
Why Ternary blend

The particle packing is the main reason. The fly ash particle is often finer than the cement. The silica fume particles can perform better in particle packing since these are intermediate size.

Effect of ternary cement system

Micro silica compensates for low early strength of concrete.

Fly ash increases long-term strength development of micro silica concrete

Fly ash due to presence of spherical leads to improved workability and reduction in water demand

Source of Sulphate
Internal Source
Portland cement might be over-sulfated. presence of natural gypsum in the aggregate. Admixtures also can contain small amounts of sulfates External Source Seawater and ground water are the main sources of external sulphate Industrial effluents and wastes such as in industries associated with the manufacture of chemicals, batteries, aluminium and in the mining industry.

Mechanism of Sulphate Attack

Reaction of the sulfate with calcium hydroxide liberated during the hydration of the cement, forming calcium sulfate (gypsum)

Reaction of the calcium sulfate with the hydrated calcium aluminate, forming calcium sulpho aluminate (ettringite).

Both of these reactions result in an increase in the volume of solids which is the cause of expansion and disruption of concretes exposed to sulfate solutions.

Recommendations for normal concrete subject to sulfate attack

Exposure Water soluble Sulfate (SO4) in Recommendati sulfate (SO4) in water, ppm ons soil, percent Under 0.1 Under150 PS cement 0.5 W/C Ratio PS cement 0.45 W/C Ratio PS cement+ Admix >0.45 W/C Ratio

NEGLIGIBLE MODERATE

0.1 to 0.2

150 - 1500

SEVERE

0.2 to 2.0

1500 10,000

VERY SEVERE

Over 2.0

Over 10,000

Severity of sulfate attack on concrete depends on the following

Type

of sulfate

Concentration of the sulfate Whether the sulfate solution is stagnant or flowing Pressure Temperature

Prevention measures of Sulphate attack 1. Cement type and content:

Cements with low C3A content are less vulnerable to sulfate attack Higher cement content significantly reduces the rate of sulfate attack 2. Admixtures : That effects reduction in water-cement ratio and/or increased workability can enhance the sulfate resistance of concrete, provided they are not used to reduce its cement content

SCOPE OF PRESENT INVESTIGATION

The present experiment is carried out to investigate the strength of ternary blended steel fiber reinforced concrete on M30 grade concrete with 6% and 15% replacement of cement by silica fume and fly ash respectively and 0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.25% addition of steel fibers

References
Mehta, P K Concrete Structures, Properties and Materials Prentice Hall, Inc, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey,

M S Shetty,Concrete Technology, Published May 1st 1987 by Chand (S.) & Co Ltd, 632 pages, Hardcover.
M L Gambhir, Concrete Technology, Published by Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 01-Jul-2004 Adam M Neville, Properties of Concrete Book by John Wiley & Sons Publisher CEMENT CONCRETE & AGGREGATES Australia JULY 2OO2 journal

THANKYOU