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INTRODUCTION ISDN PROTOCOLS ISDN AND OSI MODEL FUNDAMENTALS ADVANTAGES OF ISDN INTERFACE AND DEVICES NARROWBAND ISDN BROADBAND ISDN MODES OF USAGE ISDN ROUTER ISDN EQUIPMENT CONCLUSION
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WHAT IS ISDN?
It is a set of protocols that combines digital telephony and data transport services. The whole idea is to digitize the telephone network to permit the transmission of audio, video and text over existing telephone line.
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Why ISDN?

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network Telephone services -> Telecommunication services Used for voice, image and data

ISDN protocols

E - series for Telephone network and ISDN I - series for ISDN concepts, aspects and interfaces

ISDN and OSI model

Layer 1 - Physical Layer 2 - Data Link Layer 3 - Network

Fundamentals

Types of channels
Bearer channel (B-channel=64 kb/s) clear pipe for data Delta channel (D-channel, 16 kb/s or 64 kb/s) call signaling information:

who is calling type of call calling what number

Fundamentals

Service types
Basic Rate Interface (2 B channels + 1 D channel (16 kb/s)) Primary Rate Interface (30 B channels + 1 D channel (64 kb/s))

Advantages of ISDN

Digital
reliable connection

Speed
128 kb/s (160 kb/s) for BRI 1920 kb/s (2048 kb/s) for PRI

Fast call setup

2 seconds

Advantages of ISDN (2)

Bandwidth on Demand
adding new channels to the bundle of channels

Multiple devices
phone, fax, PC, videoconferencing system, router, terminal adapter,.. each with its own sub-address

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Interfaces and Devices

ISDN devices

TE1
4W S/T interface TE2 Analog devices: phone, Fax III,... TA Rate adaptation
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NT1

2W U interface

Interfaces and Devices

Interfaces
S/T (4w) U (2w)

Devices
NT1 TE1 - ISDN devices TE2 - analog devices (need TA) TA - Terminal Adapter (rate adaptation (V.110, V.120)
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NARROWBAND ISDN (NISDN)

The original ISDN providing data rates of 64 kbps to1.544 mbps is known as narrowband ISDN. When ISDN was originally designed, this range of data rate was sufficient to handle all existing transmission needs. As applications using the telecommunication network advanced, these rates proved inadequate to support many applications.

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BROADBAND ISDN
To provide for the needs of the next generation technology, an extension of ISDN, called broadband ISDN (B-ISDN). B-ISDN provides subscribers to the network with the data rates in the range of 600 mbps, almost 400 times faster than the PRI rate. Technology exists to support higher rates but is not yet implemented or standardized. B-ISDN is based on a change from metal cable to fiberoptic cable at all levels of telecommunication.
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B-ISDN SERVICES
1. Interactive services 2. Distributive services

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1.INTERACTIVE SERVICES

Conversational Messaging Retrieval

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2.DISTRIBUTIVE SERVICES

without user control with user control

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Physical Specification of Broadband ISDN

Access method Functional grouping Reference points

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Dial Up

Providers need:
subscribe for PRI connections or multiple BRI connections ISDN Access Server

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Dial Up - Private
Internet
ISDN Access server

ISDN connection Telephone Network

PC with internal or external ISDN adapter

ISDN connection
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Dial Up - LAN
Internet
ISDN Access Server LAN ISDN connection Telephone Network ISDN connection ISDN router
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ISDN ROUTERS

Integrated NT:-

It is a device which forms a boundary to the network and may be controlled by the provider of the ISDN services.

Integrated Modem:- The term modem is

composite word refers to the two functional entities that make up the device, a signal modulator & demodulator.

PPP:- The telephone line provides a physical

link, but to control and manage the transfer of data, there is a need for a point-to-point link protocol.
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ISDN EQUIPMENTS

Normal ISDN Phone. Advanced ISDN Phone. Video Phone:- This is a subset of video conferencing equipment.

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BANDWIDTH ON DEMAND
A digital service that allows subscribers higher speeds through the use of multiple lines.

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ISDN Vs Analog Telephone Line

Analog:- Voice data, one call

possible at one time.

Vs

ISDN:- multimedia data, voice

data, image graphics, can connect a pair of telephone over existing telephone line.
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Conclusion

ISDN is an effort to standardize subscriber services, provide user/network interfaces, and facilitate the internetworking capabilities of existing voice and data networks. The goal of ISDN is to form wide area network that provides universal end-to- end connectivity over digital media. ISDN can brought to a subscriber premise with minimum cost and the services available can satisfy the need of many users. The protocol is flexible enough to be upgraded to higher data rates using new technology and new transmission media.
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REFERENCES

DCN BY B.A. FOROUZAN WIKIPEDIA.COM ANSWERS.COM

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THANK YOU

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