Design Multi-channel Distributed Designof of Multi-channeland and DistributedWireless Wireless Communication Network Communication Network Architecture UUVs Architecturefor

for UUVs MANISH SIR MANISHA

?? QUERIES
UUVs :- Unmanned underwater vehicles Multi channel Communication Distributed Wireless Communication Compact Antenna

A high speed AUV test platform Aquabot

Unmanned Underwater Vehicles

UUV :- Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) Vehicle operating Underwater without any hman occupant.
Mainly Two Types :-Remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs), :controlled by a remote human operator, Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), which operate independently of direct human input..
Nereus will be the first autonomous

vehicle to visit the 11,000m (36,089ft) Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean.

VEHICLE STRUCTURE

nose cone, a payload module a tail section containing the communication devices, navigation sensors,emergency systems and the propulsion system.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
MULTICHANNEL :- underwater RF and acousticsurface modem communication data provide a communication, and complete communications package. internal communication
A wireless LAN communication subsystem is included in addition to the standard RF modem to provide a higher bandwidth link in favorable Conditions .

Communication System
Underwater communication is acoustic modem, and the surface communication consists of RF, Wi-Fi, BeiDou( Special constellation of 4 geostationary 3 working + 1 backup used for regional navigation system). Internal communication portal is TCP/UDP

NEED OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION

UUV Functionality includes environmental explorations, path planning, sea investigation, war strategies which requires communication underwater between other UUVS, remote sensors, surface communication to control station as well as internal integrated communication to dedicated task unit Reliable communication channel for implementing missions, emergency protection, state monitoring and data downloading

NEED OF DISTRIBUTED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Communication requirement for a high integrated intelligent and autonomous control system, each task unit communication with each other as well as communication center Collection and processing of data at a high speed.

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE OF UUVS DISTRIBUTED COMMUNICATION NETWORK

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION

UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION
MODE :- Acoustic Communication Medium acoustic sound pressure waves Transducer physically immersed in water(hydrophones) Modem Used :-AM300 Frequency Band :- 8-16 kHz

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION

SURFACE COMMUNICATION
Three modes
:- Radio Frequency :- Satellite Communication :- Wireless Fidelity Communication (Wi Fi)

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION (RF Coomunication)

Rate Of Oscillation :- 30kHz to 300 GHz Frequency dependency on Distance General communication distance is 10 km but suitability has been ensured up to 12 KM. Frequency BAND 250 MHZ 260 MHZ TYPE ND250A Full Duplex Communication ensures reliability

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION (Satellite Communication) Used for Long range above water communication where RF fails due to low SNR Comparatively Satellite Communication had advantage of large coverage, further communication distance, great information transfer capacity and high quality. Technology utilised Inmarsat C, Globastat etc. Recntly developed : Chinese BeiDou System

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION (Satellite Communication : BeiDou)

Also known as compass Navigation Satellite Communication system is a dedicated satellite communication system for navigation purpose by Chinese Beidou1 and Beidou2 are 2 phases of developmenet

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION (Satellite Communication : BeiDou)

Consists of four satellites (three working satellites and one backup satellite). Unlike the American GPS, Russian GLONASS, and European Galileo systems, which use medium Earth orbit(MEO) satellites, BeiDou-1 uses satellites in geostationary orbit(GEO). No Requirement of constellation of satellites, but it also limits the The area that can be serviced is from Logitude 70E to 140E, and from Latitude 5N to 55N. Beidou 2 is a global Navigation system with higher no of satellites

STRUCTURE OF MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION (WI FI Communication)

Required for communication of UUV at Station/base center For Program updating, mass data transfer and download of information. Range is 300-500 M A type of WLAN communication using 802.11 and 802.11b standards. Created by Wi-Fi Alliance company. 2.4 GHz Frequency standard.

HOW IS THIS MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION POSSIBLE?

Compact , anti pressure and water tight integrated antenna Support all four modes of reception and transmission The key in design of 4 in 1 antenna is keeping each Sub-antennas orientation and gain higher
Directivity governed by F(,) =E(,)/E(max) where F(,) is the direction of normalised field, E(,) radiated field ,E(max) is the max value of E(,) Gain G(dBi) = 10 log (2L/o) where L = antanna length and o = working wavelength

HOW IS THIS MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION POSSIBLE?

For maintaining of the antenna high above the water surface whenever above water antenna elevating mechanism is adopted

INNER COMMUNICATION NETWORK OF UUV

Internal Communication is through computers using Ethernet, through distributed control system . TCP/UDP protocols are employed Sensors communicate through serial port communication.

CONCLUSION
UUVS REQUIRE A MULTILAYER EFFECTIVE DISTRIBUTED COMMUNICATION FOR RELIABILITY AND FUNCTIONALITY UNDERWATER COMMUNICTION, INTERNAL AND SURFACE COMMUNICATION IS THROUGH ACOUSTIC, ETHERNET/SERIAL AND rf,SATELLITE AND WIFI RESPECTIVELY. RANGES ARE RF- 12, ACOUSTIC 11.2 WIFI 300-500 M

UUV Nereus

Exploration

Image and excerpt from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8035499.stm

UUV Nereus

Exploration

VIDEO: http://video.aol.com/video-detail/sub-will-map-deepest-trenches/626778029