Topic 9

differentiation
( )
5
2 3 + = x y
let u = 3x + 2
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
=
( )
5
u y =
and
4
5u
du
dy
=
3 5
4
= u
3 =
dx
du
4
15u =
4
) 2 3 ( 15 + = x
4
) 7 6 ( + = x y
5
) 4 3 (
3

=
x
y
2
3 1 x y + =
( )
2
3
2 3 + = x x y
3 =
2
3x
dx
du
=
) 3 ( ) 2 3 ( 2
1
+ = x
dx
dv
=
dx
dy
1 + 2 [
2
x ) 1 (
) 2 3 ( + x
3
x u =
2
) 2 3 ( + = x v let and
)] 2 3 ( 6 [
3
+ x x
)] 3 ( ) 2 3 [(
2 2
x x + +
) 2 3 ( 6 + = x
x
) 1 (
) 2 3 ( + x
]
) 2 3 ( 3
2
+ = x x
] 2 3 2 [ + + x x
) 2 5 )( 2 3 ( 3
2
+ + = x x x
2
) 1 5 ( 4 = x x y
6 4
) 2 1 ( x x y + =
3
) 4 3 )( 1 6 ( = x x y
3 5
4
+
=
x
x
y
) 5 )( 4 ( x
4 =
dx
du
5 =
dx
dv
x u 4 = 3 5 + = x v
let and
=
dx
dy
( ) 4 ) 3 5 ( + x
2
) 3 5 (
20 12 20
+
+
=
x
x x
2
) 3 5 (
12
+
=
x
2
) 3 5 ( + x
1 =
n t
m m
dx
dy
m
gent
=
tan
) (
1 1
x x m y y
t
=
) , (
1 1
y x
) , (
1 1
y x
) (
1 1
x x m y y
n
=
5 =
3 8 = x
x x y 3 4
2
=
at point (1,1).
dx
dy
When x = 1,
3 ) 1 ( 8 =
dx
dy
Gradient of tangent = 5
dx
dy
) 2 ( 8 7 = x y
16 8 7 = x y
x 4 =
1 2
2
= x y
at point (2,7).
When x = 2,
8 ) 2 ( 4 = =
dx
dy
9 8 = x y
dx
dy
1 2 =
n
m
) (
1 1
x x m y y
n
=
x 2 6 =
2
6 x x y =
at point (2,8).
When x = 2,
2 ) 2 ( 2 6 = = =
dx
dy
m
t
2 16 2 + = x y
1 =
n t
m m
2
1
=
n
m
) 2 (
2
1
8 = x y
) 2 ( 1 ) 8 ( 2 = x y
18 2 + = x y
8 2
3
+ = x y
x x y 6
2
=
3
4
+ =
x
y
9
3
= x y
x x y 6
2
+ =
) 1 )( 1 2 ( + = x x y
x
y
4
=
2
3
+ = x y
x
x y
1
2
+ =
) 1 ( 7 ) 2 ( 5 ) 3 ( 4
2
+ = x x
dx
dy
) 1 ( 10 ) 2 ( 12
2
2
= x
dx
y d
7 10 12
2
+ = x x
10 24 = x
3
3
1

= x
2 3
2
+ =

x
2 3
1
=

x
A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle.
The length of one of its sides is x cm and its
area is A cm.
(i) Show that A = 30x - x.
(ii) Hence, find the value of x such that the area
of the rectangle is a maximum. Determine the
maximum area.

2.
A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle. The length of one of its sides is
x cm and its area is A cm.
(i) Show that A = 30x - x.
x
2
2 60 x
x =30
Area of rectangle = length X width
A = x ( 30 - x )
= 30x -x (shown)
A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle. The length of one of its sides is
x cm and its area is A cm.
(ii) Hence, find the value of x such that the area of the rectangle is a maximum.
Determine the maximum area.
A = 30x -x
For maximum area
0 =
dx
dA
0 2 30 = = x
dx
dA
x = 15
Maximum area occurred when x = 15
A = 30(15) - 15
= 225 cm
3
Diagram shows a semicircle with centre O.
The diameter PQ can be adjusted and R
moves on the circumference that PR + QR
= 10 cm. Given that QR = x cm and A is the
area of triangle PQR. Find the expression
of in terms of x. Hence, find the
maximum value of the area of triangle.
dx
dA
3
Diagram shows a semicircle with centre O. The diameter PQ can be adjusted
and R moves on the circumference that PR + QR = 10 cm. Given that QR = x
cm and A is the area of triangle PQR. Find the expression of in terms of
x. Hence, f i nd t he maxi mum val ue of t he ar ea of t r i angl e.
dx
dA
) 10 (
2
1
2
x x A =
) 2 10 (
2
1
x
dx
dA
=
2
height base
A

=
2
) 10 ( x x
A

= x
Area of triangle
PR + QR = 10
PR + x = 10
PR = 10 - x
10 - x
x =5
For maximum area
0 =
dx
dA
0 5 = x
5 = x
Maximum value of the area of triangle
] 5 ) 5 ( 10 [
2
1
2
= A
5 . 12 =
4
Diagram shows a cuboid ABCDEFGH with a
square base EFGH. The volume of the cuboid
is 27cm.
(i) If A is the total area of the cuboid, show that

(ii) Find the value of x so that the total surface
area is minimum.
x
x A
108
2
2
+ =
5
Diagram shows a composite solid which consists of
a cone and a cylinder of radius r cm. Given the
slant height of the cone is 3r and the volume of
cylinder is 32 cm.
(i) Prove that the total surface area A of the solid is
given by

(i) calculate the minimum value of the surface area.
r
r A
t
t
64
4
2
+ =
2
) 8 ( 3 =
192 =
= 192 x 0.2
= 38.4 cms
=0.2
= ?
x = 8
r = 7
= 0.5
dr
dA
r
A
=
c
c
t 7 =
) 7 ( 2t =
5 . 0 14 = t
t 14 =
If y = f(x),
the new value of y,
y y y
a b
o + =
y y y
a b
o + =
Find the turning point for
each of the curve below.
Determine whether the
turning point is a maximum
or a minimum point.
2
2 4 5 x x y =
2
6 2 x x y + =
x x y 8
2
=
6 3
2
+ = x x y
1
2
3
4
Find the turning point for each of the curve below.
Determine whether the turning point is a maximum or a minimum point.