Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds and infinitives can function as: NOUNS (subjects, objects, subject complements)

Gerund

To form gerunds, use the base form + ing

(dont forget the rules for spelling of ing form of verbs)

I enjoy learning English

Verbs that take only Gerunds

Admit Advice Anticipase Appreciate Avoid Complete Consider Delay Deny Discuss Dislike Enjoy Finish Forget Cant Help Keep Mention Mind Miss Postpone Practice Quit Recall Recollect Recommend Regret Remember Resent Resist Risk Stop Suggest Tolerate Understand

Gerunds used as subject of the sentence.

Dancing is fun.

Gerunds used as object of the preposition

I am thinking about taking the children to Mexico.

Gerunds used as objects

He enjoys working with children.

Gerunds used after specific verb

Stop, finish, dread, like, prevent, deny, collect, delay, postpone, enjoy, stand and etc I will finish doing my work within 2 hours.

Gerunds used in complex word

A reading book, a swimming pool, a diving board

To infinitive

To form infinitives use to + base form of the verb I want to dance

Verbs that take infinitives

Agree Appear Arrange Ask Attemp Amazed Be (dis)inclined Be annoyed Be disappointed Be disturbed Be expected Be supposed Be (un)qualified Beg Care Can afford Choose Decide Desire Expect Fail Guarantee Happen Hope Learn Manage Mean Need Plan Promise Refuse Seem Tend Threaten Wish Want

Infinitive after accusative object

Object Accusative + to infinitive
They get us to clean the cars. Mr. Benson asked peter to bring his laptop to his room.

Adjectives followed by infinitive

Adjective + to infinitive
Afraid, (un)ashamed, (un)able careful, easy, eager, fortunate, glad, happy, hard, lucky, pleased, ready, sad, sorry, stupid, sure, surprissed, sweet, welcome, worried, wrong, He was unable to come on time this morning. It is verry hard to believe that he is one of the suspect of the bank robbery.

Infinitive after question word

Question word + to
We know how to operate the machine. Myou dont know what to do, so please shut up!

Gerunds often follow verbs that indicate that an action is happening or has happened.
The action expressed by the verb comes at the same time or after the action expressed by the gerund. We enjoy going to concerts.
(you can only enjoy things you are doing or have done not things you havent done yet.)

Infinitives often follow verbs that indicate that an action will or could happen.
The action expressed by the verb comes before the action expressed by the infinitive. We hope to go to the concert.
(You can hope for things that could happen not things that have already happened)

Verbs that are followed by a noun phrase + infinitive can also be followed by a gerund.
(can) afford, attemp, begin, bother, continue, deserve, dread, forget, hate, intend, like, prefer, regret, remember, start, try. I prefer to have egg for my breakfast I prefer having egg for my breakfast The teacher starts to think abaout the issue The teacher starts thinking abaout the issue

The End!