6.

1 WAVES
Wave Motion How do waves transfer energy? Longitudinal & Transverse Waves

LEARNING OUTCOMES
A student is able to : Describe what is meant by wave motion. Recognise that waves transfer energy without transferring matter. Compare transverse and longitudinal waves and give examples of each.

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INTRODUCTION
We always think of waves as sea waves.

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 There are many kinds of waves . All waves transmit energy. These waves include waves we cannot see such as the sound waves created when we speak. The study of waves is important in our daily life. The music we hear, the colours of the rainbow that we see and even the X-ray used in hospitals are examples of waves that are very helpful to mankind.
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A stone is dropped into the water. What do you see? Waves that move outward from the center The energy of the stone is converted to waves

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 Energy transfer through sea waves motion can be huge. For example during tsunami, the energy carried by water waves from the sea can cause great damage to the surroundings. Most of the energy comes from the winds blowing across the surface of the sea.
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Tsunami Effect

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What is waves?
Waves is a process of transferring

energy

from one location to another which is produced by an oscillating or vibrating motion

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Vibrating system : produces waves

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Oscillating system produces waves

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HOW DO WAVES TRANSFER ENERGY?

How do waves transfer energy?

When a stone is dropped into a pond, water waves is produced. The direction of propagation of the left to ____. right water waves is from ______ The cork represents the ______particles. water

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 The cork does not move together with the up and _________ wave, instead it moves _____ down about its initial position. Waves transfer ________ energy as they move along the water particles. However, the waves do water particles along with not carry the _______ them.

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How do waves transfer energy?

This shows that wave transferring energy without transferring matter.

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TYPES OF WAVES

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2 types of waves
1. Transverse waves 2. Longitudinal waves

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Transverse Waves
A transverse wave is a wave in which the vibration of particles in the medium is perpendicular ____________ to the direction of propagation of the wave. Water wave, light wave Example: _____________,_____

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Longitudinal Waves
A longitudinal wave is a wave which the vibration of particles in the medium is Parallel to ______________ the direction of propagation of the wave.

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 The slinky spring moves backwards and forwards to produce a longitudinal wave. The particles of the medium (spring) move parallel to the direction of the wave. ___________ The wave that travels along the spring Compression and consists of a series of ___________ ____________. rarefaction

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Activity 1: To observe a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave using a slinky spring.

Hold one end of a slinky spring and give a sharp push at the other end of the spring backward and forward. Observe the movement of the spring.
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 Sketch the longitudinal wave produce by the slinky spring.

Label the parts of compression and rarefaction of the spring and the wavelength of the wave produced. Show the direction of the vibration of the coloured thread and the direction of propagation of the wave (movement MOZAC of the spring.

 The coloured thread which represents a particle of the medium parallel to the propagation vibrate _________ of the wave. The wave that travels along the spring consists of a series of Rare faction compression and ____________ ____________ wavelength is the distance The _____________ between two successive rare fraction or two successive compression
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2. Use the same slinky spring move the other end of the spring side ways. Observe the movement of the spring. Sketch the transverse wave produced by the slinky spring.

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 Label the wavelength of the wave produced. Show the direction of the vibration of the coloured thread and the direction of propagation of the wave (movement of the spring. The vibration of the coloured thread is perpendicular to the direction of the _________ propagation of the wave.
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Conclusion
A longitudinal wave is a wave in which the vibration of the medium is parallel _______________to the direction of the propagation of wave. A transverse wave is produced when the vibration of the medium is ________________ perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of wave.
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Quiz 1

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Quiz 2

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 Waves are produced by vibrating systems Waves transfer energy. Waves that travel through a medium transfer energy without transferring matter. In transverse waves, the direction of wave propagation is perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the particles. Example: water waves In longitudinal waves, the direction of wave propagation is parallel to the direction of vibration of the particles. Longitudinal waves need a medium to propagate. This type of waves cannot propagate through a vacuum. Example : a sound wave
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Summary 1