HORTICULTURE: comes from greeks Hortus / GARDEN = GARDEN Colre / CULTURA = PLANTING (Cultivation of the garden crops) Dutch

h / Holland : interpreted as TUINBOUW or people plantation. Terra (1949) as expert, horticultural means cropping courtyard = Courtyard is Horticulture embryos in Indonesia. Horticulture: Science can be defined as the study of the intensive cultivation of crops and products used humans as food, medicinal ingredients (spices medicinal plants), flavoring ingredients (spice plants), and flavoring materials or refreshments as protectors and beautify the environment (ornamental plants)

HORTICULTURE
FRUIT (POMOLOGI) VEGETABLE (OLERICULTURE

Bodily aspects (Edible Plant)

ORNAMENTAL PLANTS (ORNAMENTAL)

PLANT MEDICINES

aspects of spiritual

HORTUS = Garden COLERE = to Cultivated

Peter Lauremberg (1631)

WILD LIFE

PHARMACOLOGY

AGRONOMY

POMOLOGY

A tree of the natural sciences and their technologies

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

HORTICULTURE, INCLUDE:
POMOLOGY : FRUITS OLERICULTURE: VEGETABLES ORNAMENTAL: ORNAMENTAL PLANTS FLORICULTURE: FLOWERS LANDSCAPING: PARK NURSERY: SEEDLINGS

BENEFITS HORTICULTURE FOR HUMAN

SOURCE OF FOOD AND NUTRITION AESTHETIC INCOME FAMILY & COUNTRY CULTURE NATION PRESERVATION OF NATURE.

BENEFITS OF HORTICULTURE:
MEET ON HUMAN: a. BODY: INCOME FAMILIES SUFFICIENT HUMAN NUTRITION VITALITY HEALTH b. SPIRITUAL: MENTAL HEALTH.

ROLE: a. Sufficient nutrition community b. Increase foreign exchange c. Expanding employment opportunities d. Increasing farmers' income e. Beauty & environmental conservation

HORTICULTURE

NATURE OF HORTICULTURE: 1. Can not be stored long 2. Voluminous (the field) 3. Easily broken (perishable) 4. Bulky or rare season 5. High price fluctuations.

PROBLEM: 1. Quality, Quantity and Continuity 2. narrow land 3. Inefficient farming 4. Less conducive business climate 5. Dependence on a natural high

CULTIVATION: HIGH INPUT - Superior seeds - Artificial fertilizers - pesticide - Growth regulators

IMPACT: - Contamination - Biodiversity (-) - greenhouse effect (+) - ozone layer (-)

GAP (Good Agriculture Practice)

PRODUCTION OF HORTICULTURE

Environmental concept - Sustainable (LISA) - Organic farming - Minimum tillage (TOT) Etc..

FLUCTUATION OF HORTICULTURE YIELD

6 5

Yield(Ton)

3
2

Series1

1 0 I II III IV V Time (Year) VI VII VIII IX

Cause: - The nature of tropical fruit crops, causing alternan Biennial BEARING - Season (especially vegetables) - Pests, diseases weeds (OPT) - Low quality planting material - Low soil fertility,. . . . . etc. SOLUTION: pruning Planting off season fertilization mulching Pest control etc..

POTENTIAL OF INDONESIA
LOCATED AROUND THE EQUATOR STRATEGIC LOCATED BECAUSE NEAR TO LAY THE NEED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS THE LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT IS PROMISING MARKET SHARE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES DIVERSE HUMAN RESOURCES GALORE AND RELATIVELY CHEAP HAVE TOPOGRAPHY CORRUGATED SO CAN BE CULTIVATED VARIOUS COMMODITIES HORTICULTURE. SPACIOUS AND FERTILE LAND HAVE MULTIPLE CLIMATE SO THE FARMERS CAN DO FARMING EVERY YEAR GOVERNMENT'S POLITICAL WILL COMMITTED THE PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURE

HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS IN INDONESIA

AREA OWNED / SMALL LAND CONTROL HUMAN RESOURCES EDUCATION LEVEL IS NOT SUFFICIENT USED INTENSIVE INVESTMENT TECHNOLOGY HASNT IMPLEMENTED LOW QUALITY PRODUCTS AND MULTIPLE BREEDING PROGRAMME GROWS LESS CONVENTIONAL FARMERS STILL BUSINESS LIMITATIONS OF CAPITAL BUSINESS HORTICULTURE PRODUCTS HIGH PRICE FLUCTUATION PRODUCTION PLANNING WELL LESS PRODUCTION RATE PER UNIT AREA STILL LOW POST-HARVEST HANDLING STILL WORRISOME

STEPS TO DO
INCREASING KNOWLEDGE OF FARMERS DETERMINE DIRECTION OF RESEARCH IMPROVING FARMING TECHNIQUES: a. IMPROVEMENT SYSTEMS & MANAGEMENT AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS b. INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT c. SELECTION & APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT OF POST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT

Organic Agriculture
Organic agriculture System is a holistic and integrated production system, to optimize the health and productivity of agro-ecosystems in nature and capable of producing sufficient food and fiber, and continuous quality The development of organic agriculture in some countries made progress due to the fact that agriculture, especially fresh fruits and vegetables planted with organic farming system (organic farming system) has: flavor, color, aroma and texture are better than those using anorganic farming.

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Definition: Organic = material derived from organisms Organ = Part of organisms (living things) and that have a specific function Organic (chemical) = elements C, H, O, N, S, P. The system has the concept of organic farming include: an agriculture/farm that does not use "chemicals (artificial) realize the attitude and behavior that respects nature believes that life is a gift from God, must be preserved. Organic agriculture is agriculture system that aims to keep harmony (harmony) with natural systems to utilize and develop as much as possible the natural processes in the management of the farm

Goals to be achieved by the use of organic agriculture by IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements) cited by Kasumbogo Lucky (1996) are:
1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

Produce food of high nutritional quality and sufficient quantity Interact constructively and with all life support systems and natural cycles. To encourage and enhance biological cycles within the farming system by activating the lives of microorganisms, soil flora and fauna, plants and animals. Maintaining and improving soil fertility in a sustainable manner. Use as many renewable sources of local agricultural organization system. As far as possible work within a closed system has something to with organic materials and nutrients. As far as possible work by using materials and materials that can be recycled or reused, both from within and outside the farm.

8. Creating conditions that allows the animals to do the basic aspects of their behavior are essential. 9. Minimize all forms of pollution that may be produced by agricultural activities. 10. Maintaining genetic diversity of agricultural systems and the surrounding areas, including protecting plant and wildlife habitat. 11. Provide better assurance for agricultural producers (mainly farmers) with a better life in accordance with a grain of Human Rights by the United Nations in meeting their basic needs, income and job satisfaction, including the work environment safe and healthy. 12. Considering all the social and environmental impact of the wider farming system