CDMA Overview

ZTE University CDMA BSS T&D Team

Objective

Mobile Communication development history CDMA evolution history CDMA features and advantages CDMA spectrum allocation Role of ZTE in CDMA

Evolution of Mobile Communication System

LTE

Long Term Evolution (LTE), is called as E-UTRA/EUTRAN, and also named Evolved 3G (E3G) with 3GPP2 UMB. LTE is based on the OFDM technology. To reduce the user-plane delay, LTE doesnt have the Radio Network Controller (RNC). To a certain extent, LTE is a revolution to the communication field rather than an evolution. The revolution makes the system inevitably losing the compatibility of networks and terminals. Thus, the devices at the network side and terminal side must be updated and replaced. According to the technology classification, LTE belongs to the scope of 4G.

LTE

CDMA2000 Evolution History

CDMA Status in the World

There are 281 operators in 106 countries have selected CDMA2000 as their own 3G platform. By the end of 2008, more than 50% CDMA 2000 operators have provided the mobile broadband services based on the EV-DO.

ZTE Leading Position in CDMA

1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The earliest research The largest investment The most fruitful achievements The full experiences The first to sign the research protocols with Qualcomm The first to gain the network access certificate of the BS The first to be commissioned the commercial office of the CDMA BS devices in China The first to produce the CDMA set-card separation handset The first to get through the cdma2000-1x voice call Participates in standard making and subject research. One of the formal members of CWTS One of the formal members of 3GPP and 3GPP2 One of the members of Qualcomm IPR negotiation group Directly participates in formulating: 800 MHz CDMA Cellular Mobile Device Test Specifications: BS Part 800 MHz CDMA Cellular Mobile Communication Network: Mobile Application Part Test Specifications. Undertakes two items research of national 863 high-tech key projects about the 3G mobile communication.

6.

CDMA Features and Advantages (1)

AMPS, D-AMPS, N-AMPS 1 3 1 Users 2 3 7 1 6 4 5

30

30

Vulnerability: C/I @ 17 dB 10 kHz Typical Frequency Reuse N=7

GSM 8 Users Vulnerability: C/I @ 12-14 dB 2 3

1 4

200 kHz Typical Frequency Reuse N=4 CDMA Vulnerability: Eb/No @ 6--7 dB 20 Users 1 1 1 1 1 Typical Frequency Reuse N=1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

The simple wireless network plan The high coefficient of frequency reuse The simple engineering design The easy and convenient capacity expansion

1250 kHz

CDMA Features and Advantages (2)

The Large coverage range, twice larger than the standard GSM; less BSs deployed in the same coverage range so that saving the investment Example

For the 1000 km2 coverage, the GSM needs 200 BSs while the CDMA only needs 50 BSs. (Note: The exact results depend on Link Budget).

CDMA Features and Advantages (3)

High spectrum utilization ratio: Under the same spectrum, the capacity is 8-10 times larger than the AMPS and 4-6 times larger than the GSM.

FDMA: Different users use the different frequencies, such as TACS and AMPS.

TDMA: Different users use the different time slots with one frequency, such as GSM and DAMPS.

CDMA: Different users gain different TCHs according to various spreading codes on the same time with the same frequency.

CDMA Features and Advantages (4)

Good concealing, high privacy and hard to wiretap

CDMA Features and Advantages (5)

Adopts the unique soft handoff technology to decrease the call drop rate.

CDMA: To the cell/sector handoff, adopts the connect before break soft/softer handoff mode, decreasing the call drop ratio effectively. Other wireless systems: To the cell/sector handoff, adopts the connect after break hard handoff mode, easy to generate the call drop.

CDMA Features and Advantages (6)

Provides the high-quality voice Uses the 8KQCELP, 8KEVRC and 13KQCELP voice coding technology Fulfills the favorable suppression function to the background noise.

CDMA Features and Advantages (7)

Adopts the perfect power control and voice activation technologies to reduce the handset transmission power, to improve the system capacity and to prolong the battery utility time, which has little effect on the users health, so the CDMA mobile phone is called as green handset.

Small transmission power Power control, voice activation

Technology Mechanism
GSM CDMA

Average Transmission Power

125mW 2mW

Maximum Transmission Power

2W 200mW

CDMA Features and Advantages (8)

8.1
Full high-speed packet structure: Easy to smoothly update to the 3G platform.

95A 95B
Technical

95B 1X
Adds the 1X channel board. Upgrades software. Replaces handsets to obtain new services. Is determined by requirements of new services.

1X 1XEV
Adds the 1XEV channel board. Upgrades software. Replaces handsets to obtain new services. Is Determined by requirements of new services.

Upgrades software. Replaces handsets to obtain new services.

Economic al

Zero-cost

8.2
Smoothly update to the 3G! For operators, the minimum loss wins the maximum benefit!

800MHz Spectrum Assignment

1 1023 334 333 667 666 716 715 799 991

A
Channel Numbers

A Band

B Band

1019

37

78

119

160

201

242

283

384

425

466

507

548

589

630

691

736

777

*
CDMA A-Band Carriers Frequency point CDMA B-Band Carriers

**

Requires frequency coordination with non-cellular interferers A-band carrier

** Requires frequency coordination with

A Band Primary Channel A Band Secondary Channel 283 691 B Band Primary Channel B Band Secondary Channel 384 777

Center frequency

BS receiving (Uplink): 825.00+0.03N BS transmitting (downlink): 870.00+0.03N

CDMA Network Architecture

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

BSSB

HLRe other Network

MSCe
IP transport

GMSCe

MGW

GMGW

BBU

BSCB
PDSN/FA
AAA IP backbone Network HA

Internet

Packet Switched (PS) domain

Core Network Access Network

ZTE CDMA Service Supply

Plan simulation

- F
F

Wireless engineering optimization

B H

B F

HL

H G B F

G H

Networking plan

Network optimization simulation

Maintenance optimization: network performance check

ZTE CDMA Product Supply

Summary

Summary

CDMA Development Overview CDMA Features and Advantages CDMA Frequency Allocation