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Emotion & Intelligence

Elmeida Effendy Vita Camellia Psychiatric Department Medical Faculty-USU

EMOTION
Complex feeling state with psychic, somatic and behavioral components that is related to affect and mood

Affect
Observed expression of emotion, possibly inconsistent with patients description of emotion

Appropriate affect : condition in which the emotional tone is in harmony with the accompanying idea, thought or speech : also further described as broad or full affect in which a full range of emotions is appropriately expressed

Inappropriate affect : disharmony between the emotional feeling tone and the idea, thought or speech accompanying it Blunted affect : disturbance in affect manifested by severe reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone Restricted or constricted affect : reduction in intensity of feeling tone, less severe than blunted affect but clearly reduced

Flat affect : absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression : voice monotonous, face immobile Labile affect : rapid and abrupt changes in emotional feeling tone, unrelated to external stimuli

Mood
Pervasive and sustained emotion subjectively experienced and reported by a patient and observed by others: examples include depression, elation & anger

Dysphoric mood : an unpleasant mood Euthymic mood : normal range of mood, implying absence of depressed or elevated mood Expansive mood : a persons of feelings without restraint, frequently with overestimation of their significance or importance Irritable mood : state in which a person is easily annoyed and provoked to anger Mood swings (labile mood) :oscillations between euphoria and depression or anxiety

Elevated mood : air of confidence and enjoyment; mood more cheerful than usual

Euphoria : intense elation with feelings of grandeur

Ecstasy : feeling of intense rapture Depression : psychopathological feeling of sadness Anhedonia : loss of interest in, & withdrawal from, all regular & pleasurable activities, often associated with depression

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Grief or mourning : sadness appropriate to a real loss; also called bereavement Alexithymia : a persons inability to, or difficulty in, describing or being aware of emotions or mood Suicidal ideation : thoughts or act of taking ones own life Elation : feelings of joy, euphoria, triumph, intense self-satisfaction, or optimism Hypomania : mood abnormality with the qualitative characteristics of mania but somewhat less intense

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Mania : mood state characterized by elation, agitation, hyperactivity, hypersexuality & accelerated thinking & speaking Melancholia : severe depressive state : used in the term involutional melancholia both descriptively & also in reference to a distinct diagnostic entity La belle indifference : inappropriate attitude of calm or lack of concern about ones disability

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Other emotion
Anxiety : feeling of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger, which may be internal or external Free floating anxiety : pervasive, unfocused fear not attached to any idea Fear : anxiety caused by consciously recognized & realistic danger

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Agitation : severe anxiety associated with motor restlessness : similar to irritability characterized by excessive excitability with easily triggered anger or annoyance
Tension : increased & unpleasant motor & psychological activity Panic : acute, episodic, intense attack of anxiety associated with overwhelming feelings of dread & autonomic discharge Apathy : dulled emotional tone associated with detachment or indifference

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Ambivalence : coexistence of 2 opposing impulses toward the same thing in the same person at the same time Abreaction : emotional release or discharge after recalling a painful experience Shame : failure to live up to self-expectations Guilt : emotion secondary to doing what is perceived as wrong

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Impulse control : ability to resist an impulse, drive or temptation to perform an action

Ineffability : ecstatic state in which person states it is indescribable, inexpressible & impossible to convey to another person
Acathexis : lack of feeling associated with an ordinarily emotionally charged subject; in cathexis, the feeling is connected Decathexis :detaching emotions from thoughts, ideas or persons

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INTELLIGENCE
Ability to assimilate factual knowledge, to recall either recent or remote events, to reason logically, to manipulate concepts (either number or words), to translate the abstract to the literal and the literal to the abstract, to analize & synthesize forms, & to deal meaningfully & accurately with problems & priorities deemed important in a particular setting

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Intelligence Testing
1905 : Alfred Binet introduced the concept of the mental age (MA), which is the average intellectual level of a particular age

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The intelligence quotient is the ratio of MA to CA (chronological age), multiplied by 100 to eliminate the decimal point : it is represented by the following equation

IQ = MA X 100
CA

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Classification of Intelligence by IQ Range

Profound mental retardation : below 20 or 25 Severe mental retardation : 20-25 to 35-40 Moderate mental retardation : 35-40 to 50-55 Mild mental retardation : 50-55 to about 70 Borderline : 70-79 Dull normal : 80 to 90 Normal : 90-110 Bright normal : 110 to 120 Superior : 120 to 130 Very superior : 130 and above