Learners and Learning, Classrooms and Context

Part Three (p. 24-36)

Context and learning

Contextual factors that affect learning process:

Social factors
Educational factors

Context and learning

1. Social factors:

social attitudes toward English langauge determine how much effect the teacher should put into motivating learners. social exposure to the language (examples?) its absence create greater challenge for the teacher to find authentic input.

Context and learning

2. Educational factors

Edu. system environment where teachers work affect by cultural notion of authority This notion that can affect the teachers' and learners' roles. The classrooms includes different range of proficiency. This can affect the way teachers choose their resources and methods. The constraints provided by the system: time, class size, examinations

Roles of EFL teacher in learning process

What does role mean here?

The functions that teachers and learners perform during the lesson.

Do you think teachers' role will be affected by culture?

Yes, their expectations about these roles are various from one culture to another. (how?)

Roles of EFL teacher in learning process

Factors affect teacher's role:

Harmer's framework (1991):

SEE p. 27 controller, assessor, corrector, organizer in giving instructions & feedback, prompter as students working together.

His framework deals only with the classroom procedures Other frameworks consider other factors that vary culturally.

Roles of EFL teacher in learning process

Karavas-Dukas (1995) develop a more worldwide framework that is wider than Harmer's
By a questionnaire about the role of the teacher, They end up with a list that includes different categories that classify those roles mentioned by their sample. SEE p.28

Roles of EFL teacher in learning process

Those roles are highly affected by culture. SEE p.29

Roles of EFL teacher in learning process

How cultural interpretations affect teacher's role? EXAMPLES?

Teacher as an authority figure VS teacher as an equal partner of learners.

responsibilities of EFL teacher in learning process

Teaching Competence (responsibilities)

Effective Lesson planning: purposeful, task specific, tempora, integrated, adaptable, cost-effective The ability to manage the interaction and activities in the classroom: monitoring learning, giving feedback, giving instructions.

Role of EFL learner in learning process

Block (1994) found that there might be a discrepancy (mismatch) in goals and perceptions of learners and their teachers. This raise the question: Is it more effective that teachers and learners have shared perceptions of aims?
This issue is related to the debate about learner-centred ELT. Which has many different explanations (perspectives).

Role of EFL learner in learning process

Learner-centred ELT:
1. Learners Contribute in designing course content and teaching procedures. This suggests many other roles like they can research their needs, discuss content, and help to monitor the progress of the course.

2. Contribute in designing language learning activities. So they will understand the goal of classroom activities.

Role of EFL learner in learning process

3. Encouraging learners to continue their learning outside the class, at home, or in self-access facilities. (independent learning). they can plan and organize their own work. 3. Using methodology that allows learners greater control over the learning process. See example p.35 they can question, clarify, suggest and comment.