Diversity of Living Things

Classification The Five Kingdoms Adaptation

 Methods of grouping things according to similarities and differences (ex. colour, age, size) Sorting things into groups helps put order into our lives.

Carolus Linnaeus
1700's - Carolus Linnaeus Swedish Biologist established a simple system for classifying and naming organisms Based on structural similarities of organism Binomial Nomenclature - 2 name naming system - still in use today. Created a system of groups called TAXA or TAXON Each Taxon is a category into which related organisms are placed Approximately 2.5 million kinds of organisms identified

The Science of classifying organisms

Classifying plants or animals can be difficult

Where do we put the frogs?

Where do we put the dogs?

Protist Monera (bacteria) Fungi Plant Animal

The Protist Kingdom

Single Celled All have a nucleus Absorb, ingest, and/or photosynthesize food Examples are: paramecium, amoeba

Amoeba

Examples

Paramecium

The Monera (Bacteria) Kingdom

Simplest form of life Do not have a nucleus Absorb food These are bacteria and cyanobacteria which is also referred to as blue green algae Bacteria can be found anywhere, it can grow in hot or cold places Bacteria can feed on many different things

Examples
Staphylococcus aureus means "golden cluster seed" in Latin

E. Coli

Methanogenium frigidum bacteria prefer the cold

The Fungi Kingdom

Rooted to the ground Are Not green Cannot make their own food Mushrooms, yeasts, moulds are all forms of fungi They breakdown dead animal and plant remains

The Plant Kingdom

Second largest group of living things on earth Can grow almost anywhere there is light and water Trap energy from the sun and make their own food Examples are ferns, evergreens, roses

The Animal Kingdom

Largest group of living things on earth Have many cells Cannot make their own food More than a million different kinds of species Able to move Examples; insects mammals, amphibians

Some plants and animals have special structures and behaviours called adaptations. These adaptations allow them to live successfully in their environment

3 KINDS OF ADAPTATIONS WE WILL EXAMINE ARE:

1)CAMOUFLAGE 2)WARNING COLOURATION 3)MINICRY

organisms difficult to see Helps plants or animals to hide Chameleons can change their Helps animals skin so it blends in with its sneak up on Background. Camouflage helps prey the chameleon to hide.
Can you find the Chameleon?

Makes

The Monarch butterfly has a very bitter taste that birds hate. After trying to eat a monarch butterfly, a bird will remember the bitter taste and the bright pattern, and avoid Monarchs in future

Is bright and easy to see Is used by organisms that are poisonous, or dangerous Is used to warn away animals, to keep them from trying to eat an organism

 Makes an organism look like another organism

Is used to trick animals

The Viceroy butterfly looks like a Monarch butterfly, but it doesnt taste bitter. Birds avoid the Viceroy butterfly, because they think it is the Monarch

REVIEW
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What does it mean to classify items? Who is Carols Linnaeus? And why is he important? What is Taxonomy? What are the 5 Kingdoms? List and explain each one briefly. What is Adaptation? What three kinds of adaptation were discussed? List and explain each one briefly