Piping Isometrics

Why are isometrics made?

Piping Isometrics

Piping isometrics are made to facilitate easy understanding of the piping configuration by the piping contractor/ fabricator. The configuration is much easier to follow from the isometric than from a piping plan drawing. As the isometric drawing has bill of materials too, easy consolidation is possible. The drawing helps to speed up the fabrication and erection work at site. It also helps for the process engineer to study if the layout is satisfactory from the process point of view especially for certain process-wise critical lines. An indirect advantage of the second check that the plan drawing gets while preparing the isometric.
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Piping Isometrics Isometrics shall be prepared on TCE standard form no. 026. IBR isometrics are prepared on office-specific drawing formats. North arrow orientation shall be to the upper left or right. This orientation shall remain the same for all isometrics prepared for a particular job.

Isometrics are not drawn to scale.

However, to the extent possible, there should be a semblance of proportion between the various runs of pipe, for example, a run of 5000mm should be longer than a run of 500mm. Fittings and valves shall have reasonable proportion among themselves.

Piping Isometrics

Dimensions in an isometric shall be to centre line of pipes, centre line of branches and to contact face of flanges (except ring joint flanges shall be to extreme face of flange). Where there are offsets, all sides and angles must be indicated.
For offset in single planes (horizontal or vertical), give offset or side dimensions and also the hypotenuse. For offset in two planes (horizontal or vertical) give offset or side dimensions. Also indicate true length dimension.

Draw a box to clarify the detail.

Piping Isometrics
Gasket dimensions shall be indicated in isometrics but not weld gaps.
A minimum of one elevation shall be given on the isometric. Where lines are sloping, working point elevations shall be indicated. While indicating slopes, check if the fittings are suitable for providing slope. For example, it will be difficult to provide slope on either side from a socketwelding tee. Change the specification of the fitting, if necessary. For slopes greater than 3%,draw the line sloping and indicate vertical and horizontal lengths as well as true length.

Piping Isometrics Indicate equipment number, nozzle identification and size. Identify orientation of valve handles and instrumentation. For example, for a flow-measuring orifice, indicate orientation of flange taps as per the recommendations of instrumentation group. Indicate scope of instrumentation

Indicate insulation thickness and whether hot or cold.

If reinforcement of a branch connection is required, the same shall be shown on the isometric along with dimensions of the reinforcing pad.

Piping Isometrics For jacketed piping, identify locations of heating or cooling fluid inlet and outlet connections to the jacket. Show jacket blanks and jumpers and include the same in bill of materials.

Identify the lines to which inlet and outlet heating pipes are connected.
Show spacers.

Piping Isometrics

For traced piping, show tracers in dotted lines and include in bill of materials.
Identify lines to which the tracer is connected upstream and downstream. Indicate requirements of vents and drains for hydro test and those required by the process. If any fabrication is a standard detail and a sketch is available for the same, the detail can be cross-referred without repeating the details on the isometric. Example, steam drip leg assemblies, standard drain or vent connection etc. Indicate such details and add bill of materials. 8

Piping Isometrics

Identify location and tag number of all spring supports on the isometric.
For non-spring of supports add a note For other supports refer to piping GA or support drawings. This note can be on standard notes for piping for the project. Locate a terminal connection such as an equipment nozzle or centre line with reference to plant grid lines.

Avoid giving north south or east-west co-ordinates.

Piping Isometrics

Any cold pull required for the pipe shall be shown on the isometric. Indicate flow direction of fluid. Indicate holds, if any. Lined piping such as PTFE/PP or glass-lined piping requires
special attention. All fittings are of flanged type and pipe spools also have flanged ends. Check with the manufacturer for dimensions of fittings, spacers etc. All fittings are of flanged type and pipe spools also have flanged ends Check with the manufacturer for dimensions of fittings, spacers etc. 10

Piping Isometrics

To take care of tolerances on connected equipment and on structures, it is necessary to make provision in three directions so that the piping configuration can be erected without difficulty. This can be done in the form of PTFE spacers the thickness of which can be varied to suit site variations. Each isometric shall be checked thoroughly to ensure that there are no errors. To avoid fabrication/manufacturing errors, do not give bills of materials on isometrics for lined piping. Fabrication shall be as per the configuration. Also do not give table of spool lengths. These shall be generated by the manufacturer.

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IBR Isometrics

Indicate total length of straight pipe. Indicate design parameters and test pressures. Give specifications of pipes, fittings etc. in detail and bills of materials for pipes, fittings, flanges, gaskets, fasteners, valves and specialities etc. Indicate for control valves, the upstream and downstream pressures and the flow rate. Check drip leg details with respect to the job specification and give locations. Identify items which are different from piping specifications, for example, 300 class flanges for a control valve in a 150 class steam system.

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BILL OF MATERIALS Indicate type, location and detail of each support. Indicate location and tag number of spring support.

Show high point vents as required. Indicate requirements of nondestructive tests and pre-heat and post weld heat treatment, if any. Keep the stress analysis printouts ready in case the authority wants to verify.
Isometrics are used for material take off, fabrication and erection. Therefore, note items, which are not as per the piping material specification, and items that will aid the piping contractor in interpreting the isometric.
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Piping Isometrics

The following points shall be borne in mind:

The size, rating and facing of flange connections shall be given when different from the relevant piping specification. List all valves, specialities and instrumentation required for the line along with tag numbers. Identify all items, which do not conform to the relevant piping material specification. Identify all items, which do not conform to the relevant piping material specification
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Piping Isometrics

Give reference to plan drawings (along with revision numbers) and P and I Diagrams.
If isometrics are made from models, instruments shall be oriented and located within150 mm of the position given in the model. Give continuation sheet numbers, if the line continues in a second sheet or on a plan drawing. The size, rating and facing of flange connections shall be given when different from the relevant piping specification. List all valves, specialities and instrumentation required for the line along with tag numbers.
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ISO

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