Improves the hearts contractility, work capacity, and circulation Improves ratio of blood lipids Controls and prevents moderate hypertension Controls weight, reduces body fat, and increases muscle mass Alleviates stress and decreases cigarette smoking Reduces insulin resistance
Comparison of the Left Main Coronary Artery in (a) Sedentary and (b) Exercising Monkeys on Atherogenic Diets
Key Points
Risk of Death During Exercise There is an increased risk of heart attack during actual exercise; however, over a 24-hour period, those who exercise regularly have a reduced risk of heart attack. Deaths during exercise are rare. In people over 35, most deaths during exercise are caused by a cardiac arrhythmia due to atherosclerosis. Deaths during exercise in people under age 35 are usually caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital conditions, aortic aneurysm, or myocarditis.
heart attack
due to sudden blockage of the coronary artery chest pain like a band, indigestion, breathlessness, sickness, looking pale comes on at any time doesnt go away - if still there in 15 minutes call 999
Cardiac arrest
the heart stops beating when it quivers or fibrillates causing the person to collapse
Stroke
an artery leading to the brain is suddenly blocked with a blood clot or a bleed
physical inactivity
30 minutes a day at least 5 days a week which can be split into 15 minute periods
regular, moderate intensity activity brisk walking, swimming, cycling, dancing, skipping, tennis, etc. enough to feel warm & slightly short of breath, but still able to hold a conversation
obesity
caused by excessive calorie intake, and inactivity
can lead to high blood pressure, raised blood cholesterol levels, and diabetes
diabetes
inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin to control blood sugar levels uncontrolled blood sugar encourages the build up of fatty deposits within the arterial walls around 1.3 million people have diabetes in the UK. This may reach 2 million people by 2010
Arteriosclerosis
Disease of the arteries characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of arterial walls
Resulting in decreased blood supply particularly to the cerebrum and lower extremities Often develops with: aging hypertension diabetes
Often develops with:
Disease of the arteries characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of arterial walls Resulting in decreased blood supply particularly to the cerebrum and lower extremities
Risk factors
High blood pressure (hypertension) High blood cholesterol Smoking Obesity High blood pressure (hypertension) High blood cholesterol Physical inactivityHigh blood pressure (hypertension) Smoking Obesity High blood cholesterol Physical inactivity Diabetes Smoking Stress (?) Obesity Physical inactivity Diabetes Stress (?)
Diabetes Stress (?)
Controllable
Controllable