THE PRESENTATION ON
STEAM TURBINE
PROTECTIONS AND
GOVERNING
SYSTEMS
AT
ESCI, HYDERABAD
BY
CONTROLS OF LARGE
UTILITY TURBINES
Presentation By
Srinivasan Selvaraj
Electro-Hydraulic
Governing System (EHTC)
EHTC: Advantages
EHTC: Advantages
Control Loops
Speed Control
Load Control
Pressure Control
PD Controller
Start Up & Shut Down of Turbine
Synchronizing with grid
Providing Min. Load
Operation of Turbine over entire
range of Load in case of Load
Controller Failure
Pressure Control:Main
Functions
PI Controller
Initial pressure control
Limit pressure control
_
Nr
Nrtd
+
Nact
Pr
Prtd
+
+
Pmax
+
Prsu
m
SPEED
CONT. PD
M
I
N
_
+
LOAD
CONT. PI
M
A
X
M
I
N
M
I
N
EL
HYD
Pact
Fact
_
+
Fref
pREF
_
+
PRESSURE
CONT. PI
pACT
0
P
LIMIT
PRES.
INIT. PRES.
FROM ELEC
CONTROLLER
EL
HYD
STARTING
DEVICE
MIN
M
I
N
TO CONTROL
VALVES
HYD
HYD
SPEEDER
GEAR
Additional Functions
Tracking device option
Load shedding relay
Auto Synchronizer
Isolated grid operation
Auto synchronizer
Functions
The auto synchronizer accepts Gen and
Grid Potential transformer signals. To
match the frequency and voltage of the
Generator, the auto. Sync. Unit gives
Speed raise/lower command to EHTC and
voltage raise/lower command to AVR.
After parameter matching the auto sync.
Unit generates a command for
Synchronizing the unit
Auto synchronizer
Functions
After parameter matching the auto
sync. Unit generates a command for
Synchronizing the unit
TSE: Components
Monitored
TSE: Margins
TSE: Margins
I stg.
press
PT
f(x)
Fixed
setpoint
M
A
X
PI
Cont.
+
From EHC LVDT
-
PT
Valve
Lift PID
To EHC
RH press
Set
point.
PI
Cont.
f(x)
EHC
PT
Leak steam valve
GS header
press
100
f(x)
Command
To
Valve
EHC
Cont.output
100
Protection Systems
Protection Systems
Electrical Protection
Systems
Emergency PB (UCB)
Lub Oil Pressure Very Low (2 out of
3)
Fire Protection Trip
Turbine Trip from ATRS
Axial Shift Very High (2 out of 3)
Over-speed Trip
MFT Relay Acted from Boiler (2 out of
3)
Electrical Protection
Systems
Hydraulic Protection
Systems
Features of Protection
Systems
Features of Protection
Systems
Resetting of Protection
Turbine Trip Solenoid stays in
energised condition until the
following conditions are fulfilled.
Command from individual Trip
ceases
Both ESVs Closed
Trip Oil Pressure less than 2
kg/sq.cm
Turbovisory Instruments
ATT : Features
Individual testing of each
turbine protective devices.
Pretest ensures substitute
devices.
Monitoring of program steps for
execution within a certain time.
Interruption if trip is initiated.
Automatic reset of program
Automatic Turbine
Run-up System
(ATRS)
S G C (C o n d & E v a c )
S G C ( T u r b in e )
S L C ( T u r n in g G e a r )
S L C (C E P )
S L C ( D r a in s )
S L C (A O P 1 )
S L C (V a c . P u m p )
W a r m U p C o n t r o lle r
S L C (A O P 2 )
S L C (V a c . B rk r)
S t a r tin g D e v ic e
S L C (E O P )
S e t P o in t D e v ic e
(S p e e d & L o a d )
S L C (J O P )
A u t o s y n c h ro n is e r
THANK YOU !