JABATAN MATEMATIK, SAINS DAN KOMPUTER

Course Structure: Continous Assesment

Item 1. Quiz 2. Lab Work 3. Project No Percentage 1 10 % 5 50 % 1 40 % TOTAL 100 % Attandance Less < 80 % FAIL

NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 Computer System Internet Word Processor

TOPIC

Time Allocation (hour)

4 4 4 4 6 8

Spreadsheets Ms Excel Project Management Presentation and The Basics of Multimedia

Assessment of this course is as follows:

CLO CONTEXT Computer System Internet Word Processor CLO1 CLO2 CLO3 ASSESSMENT METHODS FOR COURSEWORK (CA) LABORATORY QUIZ PROJECT (1) EXERCISE (1) 10% 40% (5) 50%

Spreadsheets
Project Management Presentation and

Basic Of Multimedia

i. ii.

Continuous Assessment (CA) Final Examination (FE)

100% 0%

Definations of computer:

A programmable machine that accepts input, processes it according to specified rules or instructions, and produces output.
an electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data, and can be programmed with instructions.

Evolution of Computers
The First Generation: 1946-1958 (The Vacuum Tube Years)
ENIAC, the Mark 1, and the IAS computer

The Second Generation: 1959-1964 (The Era of the Transistor)

Mainframes

The Third Generation: 1965-1970

(Integrated Circuits - Miniaturizing the Computer)

Mainframes , Minicomputers

The Fourth Generation: 1971-Today (The Microprocessor) Mainframes,Minicomputers, Microcomputers

The Fifth Generation: 2000-Today (Artificial Intelligence) ????

Categories of Computers
Personal computers Personal computers are desktop computers designed for an individual's use. They run programs designed to help individuals accomplish their work more productively.

Servers Servers are not designed to be used directly. They make programs and data available for people hooked up to a computer network, a collection of computers connected together so that they can exchange data.

Categories of Computers
Minicomputers Computer that is smaller, less expensive, and less powerful than a mainframe or supercomputer, but more expensive and more powerful than a personal computer. Minicomputers are used for scientific and engineering computations, businesstransaction processing, file handling, and database management, and are often now referred to as small or midsize servers. Mainframes Mainframes are huge, multi-user systems designed to handle gigantic processing jobs in large corporations or government agencies. A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.

Categories of Computers
Supercomputers

The fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations. For example, weather forecasting requires a . supercomputer. Other uses of supercomputers include animated graphics, fluid dynamic calculations, nuclear energy research, and petroleum exploration

Categories of Computers
Laptop

A laptop computer is a personal computer for mobile use. A laptop utilizes most of the same components as a desktop computer, including a display , a keyboard , a pointing device such as a touchpad (also known as a trackpad) and/or a pointing stick , and speakers into a single unit.
A laptop is powered by mains electricity via an Ac Adapter, and can be used away from an outlet using a rechargable battery. Laptops are also sometimes called notebook computers, notebooks or netbooks.

Computer System and Programs

A computer system consists of hardware and software
Hardware
is the physical equipment such as the case, floppy

disk drives,keyboard, monitor, printers

Software
describes the programs that are used to operate the

computer system. It is also called programs, instruct the computer on how to operate.

Components of Computers
CPU

INPUT DEVICE

(CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT)

OUTPUT DEVICE

Example :
Keyboard, Mouse

Example:

STORAGE
Example:

Printer, Speaker

Hardisk,
Disk

Computer

Components of Computers
Input Device A device that feeds data into a computer, such as a Keyboard,mouse and joystick.

CPU The central processing unit, or CPU, is the part of thencomputer that executes software programs,including the Operating system .Also call the brains of the computer.

Components of Computers
Storage Store the data Two parts of storage: Primary Storage and Secondary Storage

Output Device Anything that comes out of computer Output devices include Display screens, loudspeakers, and printers.

CPUs have three basic parts

1. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) does all of the mathematics in a computer does all of the logic comparisons of values some common logic comparison symbols = equal to < less than > greater than <= less than or equal to >= greater than or equal to <> not equal

2. The Control Unit directs the flow of information into the CPU and/or memory or storage controls which instructions the CPU will do next

3. Registers Used to store data and instructions inside the processor Size of the registers can affect the speed and performance of the processor

Componenst of CPU
A computer system unit contains many parts. Motherboard - The motherboard is the main circuit board of a microcomputer. It is also known as the mainboard or system board. CPU - The CPU is the central electronic chip that determines the processing power of the computer. Memory - Memory is the part of the computer that temporarily stores applications, documents, and stem operating information. Bus - A bus is an electronic line that allows 1s and 0s to move from one place to another. Expansion Slots - Expansions slots appear on the motherboard. They are sockets into which adapters are connected. Ports and Connectors - A port is a connector located on the motherboard or on a separate adapter. Bays - A bay is a space inside the computer case where a hard drive, floppy drive or CDROM drive sits Power Supply - A power supply changes normal household electricity into electricity that a computer can use. Sound Components - A sound card lets a computer play and record high quality sound.

Parts of Computer Storage

Primary storage
Main internal storage of a computer . Primary storage is used to

store data that is likely to be in active use.

2 types of primary storage:
RAM (random Access Memory)

Temporary memory is a volatile the information is lost after the power is switched off.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Permanent storage data stored in ROM cannot be modified is not volatile, but is not suited to storage of large quantities of data because it is expensive to produce.

Secondary storage
A storage medium that holds

information until it is deleted or overwritten. For example : Floppy disk External Hard disk Pendrive

What is Network
A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications.

The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light beams.

Computer Networks

Types of Network
i.

Local Area Networks (LANs): The computers are geographically close together (that is, in the same building). Wide Area Networks (WANs): The computers are farther apart and are connected by telephone lines or radio waves.

i.

i.

Area Networks (MANs): A data network designed for a town or city.

Software
Software is the instructions that a

computer uses to do what you ask it to. The two types of software are : i. Operating systems Software ii. Applications software.

Operating System Software

Used by the computer to accomplish a task. What system software does: controls the internal function of the computer controls other devices connected to the CPU Examples: DOS Linux . Windows . Unix

Network Operating System Software

A network operating system is a supervisory software program that resides on the server. It controls how the network operates by defining who can use the network and how information and peripherals are shared among users. Examples: Novell Netware AppleShare

. Microsoft Windows NT
. UNIX/NFS

Application Software
- Includes programs that do real work for
users . Examples : Word Processing Ms Word database programs Ms Acces, Foxpro Spreadsheets - Ms Excel web browsers Internet Explorer graphic design - Autocad