CREATIVITY-INNOVATIONENTREPRENEURSHIP

SOURCES: SCHAPER AND VOLERY(2004)

OLEH : AMY S. RAHAYU

THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY & INNOVATION IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL

CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF ENTREPRENEURIAL
INNOVATION IS THE SPECIFIC INSTRUMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INNOVATION HAS BECOME AN IMPORTANT TOOL FOR MANAGERS WHO WANT TO ADOPT AN ENTREPRENEURIAL APPROACH.

CREATIVITY
CREATIVITY IS THE POINT OF ORIGINATION FOR INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL, IT CAN BE DEFINED AS THE PRODUCTION OF NEW AND USEFUL IDEAS

CREATIVITY IS THE PROCESS THROUGH WHICH INVENTION OCCURS

THE THREE COMPONENTS OF CREATIVITY

1. CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS
REFER TO HOW PEOPLE APPROACH PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2. KNOWLEDGE
EXPERTISE OR KNOWLEDGE ENCOMPASSES EVERYTHING A PERSON KNOWS AND CAN DO

3. MOTIVATION
KNOWLEDGE AND CREATIVE SKILL ARE A PERSONS RAW MATERIAL THE PERSONS NATURAL RESOURCES, BUT THE MOTIVATION IS DETERMINES WHAT PEOPLE WILL ACTUALLY DO

CREATIVITY TECHNIQUES

1. PROBLEM REVERSAL (pembalikan masalah) 2. FORCED ANALOGY (paksaan analogi) 3. ATRIBUTE LISTING (daftar atribut) 4. MIND MAP (peta pikiran) 5. BRAINSTORMING

FACTORS INFLUENCING CREATIVITY

AUTHONOMY

ENCOURAGEMENT OF CREATIVITY

RESOURCES

CREATIVITY

MENTAL BLOCKS

PRESSURES

CREATIVITY = INNOVATION

INNOVATION
IDEAS ARE NOT ENOUGH FOR INOVATION
OFTEN THERE IS AN ASSUMPTION THAT CREATIVITY AUTOMATICALLY LEADS TO ACTUAL INNOVATION, BUT THIS NOT TRUE. IT IS THEREFORE IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT INNOVATION IS A MULTIDIMENTIONAL CONCEPT AND IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO REINVENT THE WHEEL TO BECOME AN ENTREPRENEUR.

INCREMENTAL VS DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION

INCREMENTAL INNOVATION
STEADY IMPROVEMENT BASED ON SUSTAINING TECHNOLOGIES OBEDIENCE TO CULTURAL ROUTINES AND NORMS CAN BE RAPIDLY IMPLEMENTED IMMEDIATE GAINS DEVELOP CUSTOMER LOYALTY

DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION
FUNDAMENTAL RETHINK BASED ON DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES EXPERIMENTATION AND PLAY NEED TO BE NURTURED FOR LONG PERIODS WORSE INITIAL PERFORMANCE POTENTIAL BIG GAINS CREATE NEW MARKETS

TYPE OF INCREMENTAL INNOVATION

EXTENSION
IMPROVEMENT OR NEW USE OF AN EXISTING PRODUCT, SERVICE, OR PROCESS (PENGEMBANGAN PENGGUNAAN DESKTOP, LAPTOP,DLL)

DUPLICATION
CREATIVE REPLICATION OR ADAPTATION OF AN EXISTING PRODUCT, SERVICE, OR PROCESS (FAST FOOD SPT. KFC, DLL)

SYNTHESIS
COMBINATION OF AN EXISTING PRODUCT, SERVICE, OR PROCESS INTO A NEW FORMULATION OR USE (TELEPON + KAMERA + NOTE BOOK, DLL)

SOURCES OF INNOVATION
UNEXPECTED OCCURRENCES INCONGRUITIES PROCESS NEEDS INDUSTRY AND MARKET CHANGES DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES PERCEPTUAL CHANGES NEW KNOWLEDGE

A PROCESS MODEL OF CREATIVITY, INNOVATION, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Lates science & technology

CREATIVITY

INNOVATION *Refining, evaluation

ENTREPRENEURSHIP *Creation of value in the market place

*Production of new and useful ideas

and first materialisation of the new ideas *evaluation of opportunities *Output : prototype,patent, or business plan

*Discovery of opportunities
*Output : new ideas

*exploitation of opportunities *Output : New products, services, or new processes

Need in society & market place

DEFINITION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
THE PROCESS, BROUGHT ABOUT BY INDIVIDUALS OF IDENTIFYING NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND CONVERTING THEM INTO MARKETABLE PRODUCT OR SERVICES THE FIELD OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP INVOLVES : 1). STUDY OF SOURCES OPPORTUNITIES 2). STUDY OF PROCESSES OF DISCOVERY, EVALUATION, AND EXPLOITATION OF OPPROTUNITIES 3). THE SET OF INDIVIDUALS WHO DISCOVER, EVALUATE AND EXPLOIT THOSE OPPORTUNITIES

THE KEY ELEMENTS OF ENTREPRENEURHIP

OPPORTUNITIES
ENVIRONMENT
RECOGNISES EVALUATESE XPLOITS FIT

FOCUS

THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

ATTRACTS COMBINES

BUILDS MANAGES

RESOURCES
CONFIGURATION

ORGANISATION