Somali Democratic Republic

-Dhannya
-Nikunj
Something about
Geography…
• Capital- Mogadishu
• Part of eastern
Africa, bordering
the Gulf of
Aden and the
Indian Ocean,
East of Ethiopia;
• Part of the “Horn of
Africa”
Part of the “Horn of Africa”
 Some facts…
• Somalia has been a land of inter-clan
rivalry.
• James Bishop, the United States’ last
ambassador to Somalia, explained that
there is "competition for water,
pasturage, and... cattle. It is a
competition that used to be fought out
with arrows and sabers... Now it is fought
out with AK-47s."
 The first Somali Capital

Market in Mogadishu around 1882.

 Something about
Economy…
• Agriculture is the most important sector,
with livestock normally accounting for
about 40% of GDP and about 65% of
export earnings.
• Money exchange services have sprouted
throughout the country, handling between
$500 million and $1 billion in remittances
annually.
 Somalia Shilling
(Sosh)

A Coca-Cola bottling plant

opened in Mogadishu.
 Climate…
• Year-round hot climate
• Recurring droughts
• Mean daily temperatures range from
– 30 °C to 40 °C (85–105 °F) (maximum)
– 15 °C to 30 °C (60–85 °F) (minimum)
Climate…
 Regions and Districts
• Prior to the civil war, Somalia was
divided into eighteen regions, which
were in turn subdivided into districts.
Under the de facto arrangements there
are now 27 regions.
• On a de facto basis, northern Somalia is
now divided up among the quasi-
independent states of Puntland,
Somaliland, Galmudug and Maakhir.
Regions
and
Districts
Something about health…

• One of the lowest HIV infection

rates (1.5-2.0 % of the adult
population) in all of Africa.
• One of the reasons is conservative
Muslim nature of Somali society.
 Telecommunications
• Lowest international call rates on the
continent.
• Last country to access the internet
in August 2000.
• Only 57 websites as of 2003.
• Internet usage grew
44900% from 2000 to 2007.
Environment & Demographics
• Semi-arid country with
about 2% arable land.
• Population of around 10.7
million according to U.N.
estimates in 2003, 85%
of which constitute
ethnic Somalis.
• The country has one of
the largest diaspora
community because of
the civil war.
 Language & Religion
• National language- Somali
• Minority language- Af-Maay, variants
of Swahili (Barawe), Arabic, English
and Italian
• Entirely Sunni Muslims
• The constitution discourages the
promotion and propagation of any
religion other than Islam.
Borama script…
The flag…
 Cuisines…
• Vary from region to region and
encompasses different styles of
cooking.
• Food has to be ‘halal’; nothing died on
its own is eaten
• no pork dishes and alcohol .
 Ful medames
Cuisines…

Samboosa

Alicha
 Education system…
• The education system is private.
• The rate of growth is 28% (from 600
to 1172) over the last 3 years.
• Primary schools are free in Puntland.
• The Benadir University, the Somalia
National University, Mogadishu
University, Kismayo University and
University of Gedo are five of the
eight functioning universities that
teach Higher education in Southern
Somalia.
 Education system…

Faculty of Law,
Puntland State University

University Compound,
Puntland
 References:-
• Google
• Wikipedia
• cia.gov