PELVIC GIRDLE

PHYR144 Fall 2009

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 Osteology
4 bones:
• Sacrum
• Coccyx
• 2x hip bones
– Ilium
– Ischium
– Pubis

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 Arthrology
• Right and left SI Joints
• Symphysis pubis
• L/S joint

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 Functions
• Supports upper half of body
• Transmits ground forces from
ambulation
• Origin of powerful hip mm
• Protects internal organs

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 Defiinitions
• Pelvic inlet- from sacral promontory
to pubic symphysis
• Pelvic outlet- from tip of coccyx to
inferior pubic symphysis,
• False pelvis- area between iliac crests
above inlet
• True pelvis- between inlet and outlet,
contains intestines, reproductive
organs
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 Sacroiliac joint
• Synovial joint w/ irregular surfaces
– Can become in inflamed, painful
• No axis of rotation- linear mov’t
• Very stable/ little mobility
– Keystone shaped
• Transmits weight of upper body to
hip bones
• Reinforced by very strong ligaments

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 Joint motion
• Nutation (nodding)/ flexion
– base of sacrum moves anteriorly/
inferiorly
– Increases size of pelvic outlet
– Occurs with trunk flexion/ hip extension
• Counternutation/ extension
– base of sacrum moves posteriorly/
superiorly
– Increases size of pelvic inlet
– Occurs with trunk extension / hip flexion
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 Pelvic Girdle motions
Saggital Plane
• Anterior tilt:
– PSIS moves superiorly, ASIS moves
anterior and inferior
– L/S hyperextends, hips flex
• Posterior tilt:
– PSIS moves inferiorly, ASIS moves
posteriorly and inferiorly
– L/S flexes (loss of lordosis), hips extend

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 Pelvic Girdle motions
Frontal Plane
• Lateral (side) tilt:
– Unsupported side is point of reference
– Unsupported side drops during swing
(unweighted) phase
– Prevents rise of COG
– Hip adduction on WB side
– Hip abduction on NWB side

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 Pelvic Girdle motions
Transverse Plane
• Pelvic rotation:
– Unsupported side is point of reference
– Pelvis moves in concert with the lower
limb
– Hip rotation:
• Lateral with forward limb mov’t
• Medial with backward mov’t (toe off)
– Spine rotation occurs in opposite
direction
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 Muscle control
• Anterior tilt: lumbar extensors, hip
flexors
• Posterior tilt: lumbar extensors, hip
flexors
• Tilt: hip abductors on WB side, lateral
trunk mm
– Weakness-
• Trendelenburg
• Compensated Trendelenburg
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z6hW
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 LANDMARKS
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
• Partner standing
• Fingers on side of hips, run thumbs
up until you feel inferior aspect of
ASIS
• Note relative height and prominence

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 LANDMARKS
Iliac crest
• Partner standing
• Thumbs on ASIS, move fingers
superior, then slide down until you
palpate bone
• Place index finger on crests
• Note relative height and prominence
• Alt: have partner in sidely as in page
287, fig 6.28
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 LANDMARKS
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
• Partner standing or prone
• Fingers on side of hips, run thumbs
up until you feel inferior aspect of
PSIS
• Note relative height and prominence
in standing

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 LANDMARKS
Ischial tuberosity
• Partner prone
• Push superiorly at midpoint of gluteal
fold
• May have partner extend hip

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 LANDMARKS
Greater trochanter
• Partner prone
• From middle of iliac crest slide
fingers until you palpate large bony
bump
• Confirm by having partner rotate hip
(passively or actively)

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