Objectives: To know the anatomy of abdominal wall( ant& post). Blood supply nerve supply and lymph drainage To understand the anatomy of the inguinal canal To list common types of hernia
Inside are the wall are the liver, intestines, kidneys, etc.
Remember Valsava?
Abdomen defined by diaphragm above, pelvic brim below, and vertebral bodies ribs and muscles posteriorly, and laterally.
To get in the abdominal cavity you must go through skin, 2 superficial fascias (fatty and membraneous). 3 muscles layers (or one), transversalis fascia, parietal peritoneum.
LINEA ALBA TENDINOUS INTERSECTION TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS INTERNAL OBLIQUE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE RECTUS ABDOMINIS
INGUINAL LIGAMENT
TA IO EO
APONEUROSES
ABOVE THE ARCUATE LINE THE APONEUROSIS OF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE SPLITS TO ENCLOSE THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS BELOW THE ARCUATE LINE ALL APONEUROSES PASS IN FRONT OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS
BILATERAL ACTION: ASSISTS RECTUS ABDOMINIS IN FLEXING VERTEBRAL COLUMN, COMPRESSING ABDOMINAL WALL, AND INCREASING INTRAABDOMINAL PRESSURE UNILATERAL ACTION: AID BACK MUSCLES IN ROTATION AND LATERAL FLEXION
NN. = T7-T12
NN. = T7-T12, L1
RECTUS ABDOMINIS
NN. = T7-T12, L1
Psoas + Iliacus = IliopsoasMost Major Hip FlexorCrosses under Inguinal Ligament with Femoral Nerve, and External Iliacs (become Femoral a and v.
* Superficial Inguinal ring, a weak spot through which abdominal contents may extrude-direct inguinal hernia.
Deep Inguinal RingPushes through transversalis facia Inginal Canal from deep ring (under ext. oblique) to superfical inguinal ring (where hernias puch out)
Whats indeed the parietal peritoneum? Liver Gall Bladder Stomach Ascending Colon
Small intestines
Greater Omentum an apron from the stomach to the transvers colon.
MESENTERIES
PROVIDE A NEUROVASCULAR CONNECTION BETWEEN THE ORGANS AND THE BODY WALL
The Mesentery
The Mesentery
Greater omentum and transverse colon reflectedpulled up.
Figure 22.6c
Duodenum begins
DuoduodnalJejunal junct
Ileo-Colic junction
Intraperitoneal Abdominal Organs derived from foregut (B) have a dorsal and ventral mesentery. Midgut derived organs (A) lack a ventral mesentery.
B A B A
Parietal peritoneum serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity (space between) Visceral peritoneum serous membrane covering the internal organs
suspended or protrude in into the peritoneal cavity, but are not actually in it. RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS ARE LOCATED between the paeietal perinoneum and the body wall itself. -They may be partially covered by parietal peritoneum
Subperitonealsome organs lie below the peritoneum in the pelvis, e.g. The uterus and bladder.
TRANSVERSE MESOCOLON
MESENTERY PROPER
LESSER OMENTUM A double layer of peritoneum extending from the porta hepatis of the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the beginning of the duodenum
GREATER OMENTUM a double layer of peritoneum attached to the greater curvature of the stomach superiorly and the transverse colon inferiorly; it hangs down like a fatty apron over the abdominal viscera
Rotation of the Stomach Forms the Lesser Sac of the Peritoneal Cavity and Starts to Form the Greater Omentum
SPLEEN
The Peritoneum
The Peritoneum
The retroperitoneal space kidneys suprarenal glands ureters duodenum pancreas aorta inferior vena cava
nerves
ascending colon descending colon
The Peritoneum
2 layer folds of the peritoneum 1. The peritoneal ligaments 2. Lesser and Greater Omenta 3. The mesenteries
1. The peritoneal ligaments falciform ligament ligamentum teres median umbilical ligament medial umbilical ligaments lateral umbilical ligaments
Lesser Omentum
Greater Omentum
3. The mesenteries
The mesenteries
Contents ?
Lesser Sac
Lienorenal ligament
phrenicocolic ligament
gastrocolic ligament
Greater Omentum
Lesser Sac
Lesser Sac
Lesser Sac
(Omental Bursa)
Morisons pouch
Morisons pouch