Micro-strip Matching Networks

Increased frequency and Reduced wavelength designing using discrete components(R/L/C). But this increases parasitic effect So use distributed components(Txn line segments) for producing small wavelength s/ls For mid GHz,combined discrete and distributed components used. Hence ,types of matching networks with series txn lines and shunted C are used.

--Inductors avoided-higher resistive losses and price --so shunt C with 2 txn lines sufficient for transforming ZL to ZIN --Additional components-control quality factor

Single stub matching networks

Using OC SC stub lines only depending on Z requirements. (a)-series txn line connected to load || stub. (b)-shunt stub connected to series of load and txn line. 4 adjustable parameters Length ls and characteristic impedance Zos of stub. Length IL and characteristic impedance ZoL of txn line

--Susceptance of balanced stub=1/2 (Susceptance of unbalanced stub) --For OC stub,

--For SC stub,

Double stub matching networks

Disadv of single stub-need variable length txn lines So creates problems for variable tuners. So here 2 OC or SC stubs shunted with fixed length txn line placed between. wavelength spacing used for simplifying tuner construction.

Microwave frequency range

Microwaves- wavelength-> 1cm to 1mm Frequency->1GHz to 300GHz (upto infrared and visible light regions)
UHF-0.3 TO 3GHz SHF-3 TO 30GHz EHF-30 to 300GHz Mostly used ->1 to 40GHz High resolution radars for locating ships, planes through narrow beam of EM energy

Frequency band
30-300Hz 3-30KHz

Designation
Extra low freq Very Low Frequency Low Frequency

Wavelength
10-1Mm 100-10Km

Application
Communication with submarines Long distance point-topoint comm. ,navigation, SONAR point-to-point marine comm. ,navigational aids

30-300KHz

10-1Km

300-3000KHz

Medium Frequency
HF

1000-100m

AM broadcasting, marine comm., coast guard comm.

Telephone, telegraph

3-30MHz

100-10m

30-300MHz
300-3000MHz 3-30GHz 30-300GHz

VHF
UHF Super high freq Extreme high freq

10-1m
100-10cm 10-1cm 10-1m

TV,Fmbroadcast
TV,Satellite,radar Radar ,Satellite comm. Radar, space and satellite comm.

Microwave frequency bands No official sanctioning of bands Following are the US new military microwave bandsMicrowave band Frequency designations

100-250MHz 250-500MHz 0.5-1GHz 1-2GHz 2-3Hz 3-4GHz 4-6GHz 6-8GHz 8-10GHz 10-20GHz 20-40GHz 40-600GHz 60-100GHz

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

IEEE recommended new frequency band designations

Frequency Microwave band designations

3-30MHz 30-300MHz 0.3-1GHz 1-2GHz 2-4GHz 4-8GHz 8-12GHz 12-18GHz 18-27GHz 27-40GHz 40-300GHz >300GHz

HF VHF UHF L S C X Ku K Ka Millimeter Sub millimeter