Clinical Implication Assessment:

Computer helps in gathering and storing the data about the patient.

Patient monitoring:
Computers in acute care settings such as emergency, intensive care, ICCU and NICU are widely used for hemodynamic and vital sign monitoring, calculation of physiological indices such as peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output. Even it monitors the CVP and pulmonary artery pressure. Advantages: Free the nurses from technical role. Focus more attention on the patient, family and the nursing process. Helps in comparison of the patients current condition with an earlier condition.

Clinical Implication Documentation:

Computers help in recording nursing observations. Two approaches were developed for documentation. In the first approach, a computerized library of currently used phrases is arranged. The nurse chooses the phrases or combination of the phrases which best describes the patient condition. The second approach has been to develop a Branching questionnaire. It displays a list of choices appropriate to the original selection. Thus nurse is led to a list of questions that can be customized for each patient. Advantages: Increased accuracy Legible notes, which decreases reading time and increases accuracy of interpretations Less time spent for writing Use as a teaching tool providing a guide for observation

Clinical Implication
Telemedicine:
Is a rapidly developing application of clinical medicine where medical information is transferred via telephone, the internet or other networks for the purpose of consulting, and sometimes remote medical procedures or examinations.

Electronic Medical Records (EMR):

Electronic Medical Records systems have proven to be a far better approach to documentation than paper-based systems. Increased Efficiency: Patient information is readily available, saving time and effort and less office space is required to store the records. Improved Documentation: Eliminates illegible handwriting, links related records electronically, reduces data entry errors, and helps eliminate missing patient information. Improved quality of care: With complete and immediate access to patient records, providers are able to provide better, faster, more personalized care. Improved security: Role-based security allows only authorized individuals access to medical records. Access logging and auditing provides a history of who accessed and who modified any record. Reduced documentation expenses: Eliminates need for most transcription activity and dramatically reduces the need for paper storage facilities.

Nursing Informatics
Systematic application of nursing science to computer systems, in order to provide clinical information in the most convenient form. Nursing Informatics provides a conceptual framework for studying the type of information needed in nursing.

Administration:
Use of Computers by the nurse administrators is to: Define the cost of nursing services Evaluate quality assurance programme Demonstrate the cost effectiveness of nursing care Justify new roles for nursing in the health care system Facilitate Nursing Process

Research
Computer assisted instruction: Computer assisted learning occurs when the teaching function of communicating information to a learner is done by a computer system without direct interaction between the student and human instructor. Computer assisted interactive video instruction: It is teaching strategy combining video and computer technology. It allows the student to interact with video presentation. Simulation: Presents the student with a real life situation on the computer. It has been found to provide an equivalent-to-clinical experience in promoting the development of decision making skills. Tutorials: Tutorial approaches involve the presentation of new material to the student. To accomplish learning, information is presented in small steps.

Hospital Settings
In Clinical Implication we can use computers for

Assessment Patient monitoring

Documentation

Hospital Settings
In Clinical Implication we can use computers for:-

Telemedicine Electronic Medical Records (EMR)

Nursing Management depends on acquiring information. With the increasing use of Nursing Informatics, nursing will be better able to use computer technology as a way to decrease costs, increases patient nurse interactions and decrease redundancy of documentation. Nursing Informatics will help the healthcare industry to stay marketable in a changing world.

Community Settings
Gathering Statistics Information such as number of patients treated, classification of diseases, geographical location of patients, graphical location of patient with certain types of diseases, employment of patients with certain types of diseases and cost of treatment per patient, can be compiled into reports immediately. The emphasis of these reports is on geographic displays histograms, etc. Advantages: Accurate documentation of services Can be retrieved, compiled, summarized and presented in meaningful and comprehensible form Patient appointment identification system The patient appointment system helps the patients clinic visit to minimize waiting time Smooth the clinic load Establish patient priority for appointments along carefully delineated guidelines

Community Settings
Patient assessment and data gathering The procedure involves having the patient to submit to a battery of tests and procedures all within the same immediate location. Results are compiled and stored by a computer that also prints out a summary. The results are then evaluated by the health care provider and necessary plans are made for further diagnosis. Home care management One approach is to design basic care plans for meeting the patients needs, store them in the computer memory banks, and then adapt them to suit the individual patients. Automated remote patient monitoring It is mainly used in care settings for the care of patients with pacemaker and other coronary condition requiring ambulatory electrocardiogram

Community Settings
In Community settings, we can find the use of computers for: Gathering of epidemiological and

administrative statistics Patient appointments-identification system Patient assessment and data gathering Home Care Management Automated remote patient monitoring