Unit 5
Analogies
You use different lures for different fish You use different methods for different learners.
Where, instructional methods are the instruments When played alone they make sound When played together in tune, rhythm, and feeling, they become amazing music!
Analogies
Toolbox
Instructional objectives:
Define method of Instruction Discuss factors to consider when selecting a method of instruction Distinguish between methods of instruction and instructional aids Identify & discuss a variety of teaching methods
What is a Method?
a (1) : a systematic procedure, technique, or mode of inquiry employed by or proper to a particular discipline or art (2) : a systematic plan followed in presenting material for instruction b (1) : a way, technique, or process of or for doing something (2) : a body of skills or techniques
Teaching Method
Objective oriented activities and flow of information between teachers and students
Teaching Method tend to be synonymous with technique according to Webster Teaching Strategy careful plan that serves an important function in achieving a specific outcome. Instructional aids includes: Chalkboard, Flip chart, PowerPoint Overheads, VCR, Real Objects, etc. Teaching Approach is a holistic process Includes the teaching steps, problemsolving strategies, and teaching methods.
Teaching Methods
Lecture-Explaining Resource People Case Study Group Discussion Brainstorming & Buzz Groups Field-trip (tour)
Additional Methods/Strategies
Others
Directed (supervised) study Role-Play Socratic Dialogue Jigsaw Concept Map/Sketch Debate Cooperative Learning Panel of Experts
What Factors do we consider when selecting an instructional method? The intended specific outcome or purpose Size of group Learners preference for learning The content sometimes dictates the method Required preparation
A problem where a learner must decide between two possible choices of action Must have factors to consider Must make a decision based upon the factors considered
Class Exercise
Scenario
You have been hired in a new position and your supervisor tells you that the company will purchase you a new computer.
Your supervisor explains that you can spend up to $2150.00 on a new desktop computer and software. Furthermore, because of existing purchasing agreements you must select between Dell and Gateway.
The choice is yours, however your supervisor has requested a decision in two days.
Choice One
Choice Two
Factors to Consider
Decision / Recommendation:
Possibilities-Factors!
Possibilities-Factors Template
Possibilities-Factors Problem-Solving Technique Define the Problem / Decision to be Made:
Factors to Consider
Decision / Recommendation:
4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Selecting between turf grass and natural grass. Choosing a greenhouse covering. Determining whether to attend the National Convention. Selecting from among seed varieties. Determining best pest control. Selecting a career choice. Promoting a management practice. Determining whether to invest in new equipment. Selecting lumber types. Choosing a path of action.
Instructional Tips
1. 2. 3.
Record for all to see Use the template to facilitate the problemsolving (decision-making) effort
4.
5.
6.
7.
Assist students in identifying the factors to consider Provide the resources for seeking out information on the possibilities Have students identify a solution Allow students to share their solution with rationale for their choice
Jigsaw
Is a teaching technique invented by social psychologist Elliot Aronson in 1971. Students of a normal-sized class (26 to 33 students) are divided into competency groups of four to six students, each of which is given a list of subtopics to research. Individual members of each group then break off to work with the "experts" from other groups, researching a part of the material being studied, after which they return to their starting body in the role of instructor for their subcategory. The strategy is an efficient teaching method that encourages listening, engagement, interaction, peer teaching, and cooperation by giving each member of the group an essential part to play in the academic activity. Both individual and group accountability are built into the process. Jigsaws are a four-skills approach, integrating reading, speaking, listening and writing.
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
Lets Try it
You have each been given a First, all the #s get into teams 1 Second, you will be experts on the events of the Olympic Games and meet by color (blue, orange, purple, yellow) Third, get back together in # Teams and share 4 facts about your event with the others in your team
Closure
Select the right tool for the right job Variety is valued Method is determined by many factors Include instructional aids to add variety & clarity