Recall

1. Coordinating Conjunctions
and, nor = in addition to or = an alternative but, yet = an exception for = because so = conclusion

Recall
2. Correlative Conjunctions
bothand eitheror neithernor whetheror not onlybut also

Recall
3. Subordinating Conjunctions
after although as as if as long as as soon as as though because before even if even though unless until now that since so that than though when where while

Conjunctive Adverbs
Adverbs that are used to join 2 main clauses together Used with a semicolon ( ; ) and comma ( , ) Examples: We signaled the bus driver; however, he didnt stop. They had never been in a large city before. Indeed, they had never been away from home.

Recall
4. Conjunctive Adverbs
ADDITION ALTERNATIVE RESULT indeed on the other hand consequently in fact at the same time furthermore moreover EXCEPTION/CONTRAST hence also besides yet still however nonetheless

as a consequence therefore

Phrases

The Phrase
Group of words without a subject and a verb Functions in a sentence as one part of speech
Example: A group of children have gone to the playground. Noun phrase (a group of children) Verb phrase (have gone) Prepositional phrase (to the playground)

Phrase vs. Clause

On the floor Inside the classroom Between two posts Around the river bend The cat hid They danced He walked

She swam

The Prepositional Phrase

Consists of the preposition, its object and the modifier of the object Serves as a modifier (adjective or adverb) Formula: preposition + (modifier) + OP Examples: We have read the book in class. A cat is sleeping on your bed.

The Prepositional Phrase

Examples:

The article about Indian folklore is fascinating.

Mary quickly erased the poem on the painted wall. 2 kinds of prepositional phrases
Adjective phrase Adverb phrase

PHRASES
Adjective and Adverb Phrases

Prepositional Phrases
Adjective Phrase
A prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun by telling what kind or which one Always comes immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies

Example
noun

The mansion across the road

preposition modifier OP

has been abandoned.

Example
The wind blew down the tree on the corner
noun

of the block.
P M OP

noun

OP

Examples
Toms mother wrote a note for her sons absence. Bring me the wagon beside the door of the barn. A rendezvous at the outdoor caf was canceled.

Exercise: Sentence Construction

1. under the bed
2. across the river

3. of the trees
4. during the night 5. on the shelf

Exercise: Sentence Construction

1. The mouse under the bed ran quickly.
2. The boat across the river is sinking.

3. The leaves of the trees were falling down the

street.

4. The activity during the night was memorable.

5. Her books on the shelf were all missing.

Prepositional Phrases
Adverb Phrase
A prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective or an adverb by pointing out where, when, in what manner and to what extent Can be placed anywhere in the sentence as long as the sentence still retains its original meaning

Prepositional Phrases
Examples: The guests have been waiting for a long time. The class was anxious before the test. The baby cries early in the morning.

Exercise: Sentence Construction

1. For five years
2. After the class

3. Between classes
4. Before school 5. During the night

Exercise: Sentence Construction

1. She studied for five years.
2. After the class, she shared her experiences.

3. He ran fast between classes.

4. She was apprehensive before school. 5. Swimming is more enjoyable during the night.

Exercise 1: Identify the prepositional phrases in the sentences

1. A crowd of angry farmers gathered outside the DA offices. 2. The quarrel between the two families grew as the years passed. 3. The stack of books on the porch got soaked during a rain shower. 4. The crab was fairly safe inside its shell. 5. The article in Times magazine about Corazon Aquino is worth reading. 6. Before a holiday, a feeling of excitement always pervades the school.

Exercise 1: Identify the prepositional phrase in the sentence

7. I went to the counselors office and asked advice about my courses. 8. The book with the green cover is mine. 9. Cerebral palsy is high on the list of unsolved medical problems. 8. Everyone contributed to the success of the party

Exercise 2: Sentence Construction

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Under the rock (adverb) Of the game (adjective) On your head (adjective) In front of the store (adverb) With all his strength (adverb) Behind him (adjective) After them (adjective) In three months (adverb)

Exercise 2: Sentence Construction

1. The tiny pest hid under the rock. (adverb) 2. The score of the game is lower than fifty points. (adjective) 3. The hat on your head is too big.(adjective) 4. He suddenly stopped in front of the store (adverb)

Exercise 2: Sentence Construction

1. He fought with all his strength. (adverb) 2. The woman behind him is his mom. (adjective) 3. The bus after them took a different route. (adjective) 4. She finished her project in three months (adverb)

Exercise 3: Sentence Construction

1. The storm raged.
2. We all saw the mirage

3. A shrill voice was heard.

4. The doctor succeeded. 5. The misunderstanding has been resolved.