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Edisons Dream We will make Electricity so

cheap that only the rich will burn candles


-Thomas Alva Edison
(1847 - 1931)
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JYOTI STRUCTURES LIMITED

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING
TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS
PURPOSE :

The main purpose of TRANSMISSION LINE TOWER is to hold the conductor, which is transmitting the power from generating station to distribution end. As the conductors are bare and carrying the power at high voltage need to hold it at required height as per statutory requirements moreover the structure shall be safe, reliable and shall withstand all the climatic loads during the expected life of line.

ENGINEERING
TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS
Whenever a Transmission Line is to be set up, the following activities are required to be executed:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Survey Design & Detailing Proto Manufacturing & Assembly. Testing. Manufacturing & Supply Construction & Erection Stringing of line and Commissioning (i.e. Charging the line)

TOTAL STATION

Cut-point

Insulator string

ENGINEERING
TYPE OF TOWERS
Towers can be classified as below: 1] As per Voltage level a) 33 kV Tower b) 66 kV Tower c) 110 kV Tower d) 132 kV Tower e) 220 kV Tower f) 400 kV Tower g) 500 kV Tower h) 765 kV Tower i) 800 kV Tower j) 1200 kV Tower etc.

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


2] Number of Circuits
a) Single Circuit Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


2] Number of Circuits
b) Double Circuit Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


2] Number of Circuits
c) Multi Circuit Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


3] On the basis of Base Width

a) Narrow Base Tower

b) Broad Base Tower

Multi-circuit 15 Angle Tower (Vertical formation)

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


4] As per Configuration
a) Vertical (Barrel type) Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


4] As per Configuration
b) Horizontal Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


5] Type of Support

a) Self Supported Tower

b) Guy Supported Tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


6] Type of Use
a) b) c) d) e) Standard Tower (From Power station to Sub station) Special tower for River crossing/Creek crossing Railway crossing/road crossing Power Line Crossing Transposition tower

Transposition tower

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


7] As per Angle of Deviation
a) A type (0 - 2 deg)

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


7] As per Angle of Deviation
b) B type (2 15 deg) / (0 15 deg) c) C type (15 30 deg) d) D type (30 60 deg)/ (dead end) = 2-15 for B = 15-30 for C = 30-60 for D

CROSS ARM (PLAN)

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


8] As per Wind Zone
a) Light wind zone (wind zone 1 & 2) Zone 1 : 33 m/sec Zone 2 : 39 m/sec Medium wind zone (wind zone 3& 4) Zone 3 : 44 m/sec Zone 4 : 47 m/sec Heavy wind zone (wind zone 5 & 6) Zone 5 : 50 m/sec Zone 6 : 55 m/sec

b)

c)

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


9] As per Type of Current

a) EHV /UHV (A/C) Lines b) HVDC Lines (High voltage direct current)

ENGINEERING TYPE OF TOWERS


10] As per Type of Insulator

a) Suspension Tower

b) Tension Tower

765 KV S/C Tangent tower-Delta formation

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ENGINEERING
DESIGN SPAN:
Normal suggested design standard spans are as follows: Voltage 33kv 66kv 110kv 132kv 220kv 400kv 800kv Normal design spans 180-305 m 240,250,275 m 315,325,335 m 315,325,335 m 335,350,375 m 400 m 400,450 m

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Parts
PEAK

Peak: The function of peak is to support the Ground wire.

CAGE

CROSS ARM

TOWER BODY

BODY / LEG EXTENSION

Cage: It comprises tower legs interconnected by bracings between peak and waist level. Cross-Arm: The function of crossarm is to support conductor. Tower Body: Tower Body is the main portion of tower for connecting cage to tower foundation extension. Body Extension: It is used to increase/decrease the height of tower with a view to obtaining the required minimum ground clearance. Leg Extension: Leg Extensions are used either with anyone leg or pair of legs at locations where footing of tower are at different levels.

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Members
PEAK MEMBER

TIE MEMBER CROSS ARM

BELT BRACING/LATTICE LEG

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Stub/Anchor Bolts and Base Plate Assembly:
Stub/Anchor Bolts and Base Plate Assembly connect the tower body /body extension and leg extensions to foundations. Cleats are provided on the stubs to offer resistance against uprooting of stubs.

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 1) STEP BOLTS

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 2) U BOLT

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 3) D SHACKLE

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 4) HANGER, BIRD GAURD

Bird Guard

Hanger

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 5) DANGER PLATE, NUMBER PLATE, CIRCUIT PLATE, PHASE PLATE Number Plate Phase Plate

Danger Plate Circuit Plate

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 6) ANTICLIMBING DEVICE

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 7) EARTHING - PIPE TYPE

ENGINEERING TOWER ANOTOMY


Tower Accessories 7) EARTHING - COUNTER POISE TYPE

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