HOME AUTOMATION FOR DISABLED PERSONS

GROUP MEMBERS BAKHTAWAR BHATTI HARIS KHAN NAILA NAWAZ 100180 100255 100153

The home automation system in which the disabled person can control the appliances with their hand movements. Circuitry includes the microcontrollers, relays, motor driving circuits , sensors.
Objective is to make a viable option for the elderly and disabled who would prefer to stay in the comfort of their homes rather than move to a healthcare facility

BLOCK DIAGRAM
Keypad CONTROL UNIT LCD

APPLIANCES

Study of the flex sensor.

Study of its working. Testing of flex sensor with different circuits.

Overview of keypad and LCD interfacing.

Overview of 8051 controller.

A device which detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates or responds. We have to deal with flex sensor

We have to design a glove that takes the input hand movements made by the user, to detect those movements. we come across sensors to detect the hand motion ( bending of finger). we took a research on different sensors available. finally !

Sensors that change in resistance depending upon the amount of the bend on the sensor They convert the change in bend into electrical resistance The more it bend , the more will be the resistance value or vice versa

Inside the flex sensor, there is carbon resistive elements within a thin flexible substrate more carbon means less resistance. When the substrate is bent , the sensor produces the resistance output relative to the bend radius

We have tested our sensor in different ways DMM Adjustable buffer

Then we have to connect our sensor to the instrumentation amplifier to increase its output range

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Is a matrix of push-buttons aligned in rows and columns to provide user input. 3*4 keypad consists of 3 columns and 4 rows, hence the name. Whenever the user taps one button, the column and the row corresponding to that button are shorted

Keypad is used to control the program in an organized way. It is the input to the control unit. It is used to decide the mode which we want to choose. Additionally it is used to input the text in the Text Mode of the input.

The method used to read such input is called Scanning, connect the rows and the columns to the microcontroller, set the columns as outputs, rows as inputs (or vice versa) and start feeding a pattern of inputs to the columns while checking the readings of the rows. If we tied all rows through pull-up resistors to Vcc, all row inputs are typically 1s (1111), now if you start feeding columns with the following pattern, 011, 101, 110, we can check which row conducts the 0 signal to the controller, thus, we'll detect the shorted row and column.

An alphanumeric LCD is a type of LCDs that only displays English letters, numbers and some ASCII characters those LCDs contains a controller unit that processes the input and forms the displayed character on the LCD, most alphanumeric LCDs have a parallel interface, some other LCDs have a serial interface to minimize the construction complicity. Alphanumeric LCDs comes in different sizes, the size describes the number of characters an LCD can display, common sizes are 16x2, 20x2, 16x4ETC a 16x2 has 2 rows and can display 16 characters on each row.

- Power Supply Pins: Vss : Ground reference (0V) Vcc : +5V supply voltage Vee : Contrast pin, typically connected to GND via a resistor (0 - 5k), change the value to change the contrast. - Control Bus Pins: RS : Register Select, used to set the LCD either to command mode or to data mode. R/W : Read/Write select, used either to read characters from LCD or to write new characters. E : Active low Enable signal. - Data Bus Pins: D0-D7 : used to pass 8Bit character data, you have the choice either to use only 4Bit bus (D4-D7) or to use the whole data bus. - Backlight Voltage Pins: A : Anode (+5V) K : Cathode (0V) used to turn ON/OFF the backlight LED of your LCD.

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A bipolar junction transistor (BJT or bipolar transistor) is a type of transistor That relies on the contact of two types of semiconductor for its operation. BJTs can be used as amplifiers, switches.

Is a two-lead semiconductor light source that resembles a basic pn-junction diode, except that a LED also emits light.
When an LEDs anode lead has a voltage that is more positive than its cathode lead by approximately 0.6 to 2.2 Volts, current often flows and light is often emitted..

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices timers confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.

Flex sensors or any other bending circuits or any other sensors?? To add the option of transferring from one option or the other??