PRESENTATION ON

A Government is the

organization or agency through which a political unit exercises its authority, controls and administers public policy, and directs and controls the actions of its members or subjects.

MONARCHY OLIGARCHY DEMOCRACY ANARCHY COMMUNIST STATE DESPOTISM DICTATORSHIP MARITOCRACY

Monarchy is a type of government ruled by one supreme power like King or monarch, who is the head of the state.
It is probably the most oldest system of Government.

The monarch has total authority over the government and his or her people. A cabinet of advisers may be assembled to assist the monarch, but they cannot make major decisions.

Some well known constitutional monarchies include the Belgium, Cambodia, Spain, and Thailand. Famous absolute monarchies include the Sultanates of Brunei and Oman, the Kingdom of Bhutan, and Saudi Arabia.

Oligarchies are often controlled by a few powerful political families having royalty, wealth or military powers.
Most communist states fit into the definition of oligarchy.

A modern example of oligarchy could be seen in different regions of Africa during the 20th century. e.g. South Africa and it is also found in countries like Kazakhstan, Switzerland etc.

A democracy is a form of government in which the people, either directly or indirectly, take part in governing.

A modern democracy implies certain rights for citizens:

right to elect government through free and fair elections freedom of speech the rule of law human rights freedom of assembly freedom from discrimination

Democracy Index as published in January, 2007. The palest blue countries get a score above 9.5 out of 10 (with Sweden being the most democratic country at 9.88), while the black countries score below 2 (with North Korea being the least democratic at 0.86).

Anarchy may refer to: o Without government or law.

o

Absence of government; a state of lawlessness due to the absence or inefficiency of the supreme power; political disorder. A social state in which there is no governing person or group of people, but each individual has absolute liberty.

* Icelandic Commonwealth (930 1262, CE) * Libertatia (late 1600s) * The Free Territory (January 1919 August 1921) * Shinmin Free Province (19291931) * Anarchist Catalonia, Spain, (July 21, 1936 June 14, 1937) * Anarchist Aragon (October 6, 1936 August 10, 1937) * Freetown Christiania, Denmark, (September 26, 1971 2004) * Somalia *Afghanistan

Aristocracy is a form of government in which a few of the most prominent citizens rule.
It consists of people who has the most influence over society maintained by elite, class, caste or family.

A well cited example of aristocracy is Russia. In Russia, more that 80% of that countries wealth is in the hands of less than 20% of the population.

A communist state is a sovereign state with a form of government characterized by single-party rule or dominantparty rule of a communist party.
Communist states may have several legal political parties, but the communist party is usually granted a special or dominant role in government.

China , Cuba , Laos , Vietnam and North Korea are the perfect examples of Communist State.

Despotism is a state where a single individual (the despot) wields all the power and authority embodying the state, and everyone else is a subsidiary person.
The Pharaoh of Egypt is exemplary of the classical Despot.

A dictatorship is defined as an autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by an individual, the dictator. If that person is a military officer then it is called Military Dictatorship.

Among the most extreme examples of a dictatorship in recent history were Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.

Meritocracy is a system of a government or other organization wherein responsibilities assigned to individuals based upon demonstrated talent and ability (merit).
In a meritocracy, society rewards (via wealth, position, and social status) those who show talent and competence as demonstrated by past actions or by competition.

o Pakistans government is recently a democratic form of government elected by the people of Pakistan, but unfortunately Its not fully democratic as it still falls into the category of semi-democratic state. o Pakistan went through many different phases of government throughout its history. It also fits into a perfect example of Dictatorship. First democratic era (1947-1958) First military era (1958-1971) Second democratic era (1971-1977) Second military era (1977-1988) Third democratic era (1988-1999) Third military era (1999 - 2007) Fourth democratic era (2008- present)

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