Ramadhan Recommended Deeds

Ramadhan
3 Parts

The holy month of Ramadhan is divided into three parts:

Rahmat Maghfirat : meaning "mercy of Allah : meaning "forgiveness of Allah

Nijaat

: meaning "salvation"

Ramadhan
3 Parts

In the first part : Allah showers mercy and

blessings, so that his servants may acquire all their needs

In the second part : the servants are purified

of past sins

In the third part : - Allah keeps them under His

benevolence and kindness - accepts prayers - keeps them safe from His wrath in the Hereafter

Ramadhan

Desired Actions

Good and desired actions specified for Ramadhan

.A. Careful performance of obligatory acts :

salaat fasting

Ramadhan

Desired Actions

.B. Increasing the supererogatory acts:

reading Quran performance of the Taraweeh prayer performance of the Tahajjud prayer giving charity itikaaf

Ramadhan Significance

Hadith
Prophet Muhammadsaw said:
Ramadhan burns the sins and faults, just as the fire burns the wood.

Quran

Surah Al Baqarah: 183

Fasting was made obligatory for the followers of all the Prophets :

O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those who preceded you; that perhaps you will be mindful of God.

Ramadhan

Why is it important ?

The Holy Quran, The greatest favor upon humankind, was gifted in this month
It is the month of Quran

Ramadhan is declared by Allah as a month of blessings

Ramadhan

Why is it important ? An annual institution containing all conceivable attributes for human excellence training for the body and soul a renewal of life encouraging the spirit of sharing and giving

Hadith
The importance of this divine month was reiterated by the Prophetsaw when he said,
The Month of Ramadhan is the month of Allah (God), bringing His Mercy and Forgiveness.

Ramadhan

Moral Significance Month of obligatory fasting Fast of Ramadhan commemorating the revelation of Qur'an A time to reflect and refresh pledge of being perfect witnesses of the Prophets lifestyle Time to look at ones self critically Abstinence and restrain practiced

Ramadhan

Moral Significance Saum of Ramadhan instills Taqwa and fear of Allah controls 2 aspects of body, which are the root causes of human downfall

the stomach

- the private parts

Ramadhan

Social Significance Ramadhan is known as the month of invitations and visitations Enhances and energizes friendships and family ties The Prophetsaw called it a month of sympathy Instills empathy for the indigent An equalizer of rich and poor

Ramadhan

Spiritual Significance The Prophet (pbuh) said that "When Ramadhan starts, the gates of paradise are opened and the gates of Hell are closed and the Satans are chained.

The Prophet (pbuh) has said in the meaning: Woe to one, Ramadhan reached to him but he could not use it for forgiveness of his sins Allah denies access of Satans to believers deeds so they can come closer to Him

Ramadhan

Spiritual Significance Instills the essence of consciousness of Allah increases moral courage guides the heart (Qalb) from spoilage and moral indecency level of Taqwa is raised, the person avoids the sins a believer becomes one with religion feels a genuine need to do good

Ramadhan

Spiritual Significance The Prophet (pbuh) said "Fasting is regarded as having acquired half of patience"

Patience is the pinnacle of self-mastery, discipline and spiritual agility

Rigorous disciplining during Ramadhan Leading of a more refined and introspective life

Ramadhan

Spiritual Significance

Increased generosity of Muslims

Increased Taqwa during Ramadhan Allah accepts repentance Acceptance of Duas

Ramadhan

Significance for Health Improves all aspects of health Regularises life Moderates lifestyle Time to give up bad habits Control over addictions Detoxifies and purifies body Rests the digestive system (stomach, secretions) Beneficial for blood pressure, obesity

Better mental health (less stress, more inner peace)

Ramadhan
Blessings

Ramadhan is the period of purgation

The blessings of Ramadhan are not limited to fasting alone any worship is rewarded many times over good deeds also a source of great Divine favor Muslims ask for Allah's blessings to make their life meaningful

Ramadhan

Acceptance of Duas In Ramadhan Allah answers the servants supplication The Prophet, pbuh, said: To every Muslim is an answered supplication (duaa) in Ramadhan.

this particular time is at Iftar

Ramadhan

Reading Quran It is the duty of every Muslim to read Quran in Ramadhan - try to understand meaning of the Quran & - gain insight into the Divine message enshrined therein

It brings peace and illumination to the mind

Imparts purity to the soul

Ramadhan

Historical Importance Of historical significance too : the revelations of the Holy Qur'an commenced in this month battle of Badr fought in Ramadhan conquest of Mecca also took place during this month

Ramadhan
Ramadhan and The Quran

Quran

Surah Al-Baqarah: 185

Quran

Surah al Baqarah: 185

Ramadhan is the (month) in which the Qur'an was sent down, as a guide to mankind, also clear (Signs) for guidance and judgment (Between right and wrong). So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spend it in fasting

Ramadhan and Quran

The Link

This Quranic verse explains the inseparable link between Quran and Ramadhan The revelation to Prophet Muhammadsaw began in this month
The night in which the Qur'an was revealed is known as The Night of Power or The Night of Destiny.

Ramadhan
A Celebration

Ramadhan can be said to be a celebration of the revelation A celebration of the Quran as a living guidance to humanity A proof of the divinity of Allah A proof of the authenticity of the Prophethood of Muhammadsaw Proof of the supremacy of revelation over all else

Ramadhan
Revelation
No. of surahs

Key facts about the Quran

Over 23 years
114 86 28 6239

Revealed in Mecca Revealed in Medina Total no. of verses

Longest surah Shortest surah

Al Baqarah, 286 verses Al Kawthar, 3 verses

Ramadhan

Laylat ul Qadr

Lo! We revealed it on the Night of Predestination

Ramadhan
Laylat ul Qadr

Importance attached to this night

A time for especially fervent and devoted prayer Rewards and blessings are manifold Praying throughout this one night is better than a thousand months of prayer

Ramadhan
Finding Night of Power

No one knows exactly which night it is; it is one of God's mysteries The Prophetsaw instructed Muslims to search for it during the odd nights of the last 10 days of Ramadhan without specifying any day Many scholars believe it to be on the 27th

Ramadhan and Quran

The Link

Highly meritorious to complete reciting the Quran in Ramadhan It was recited to the Prophet (peace be upon him) by Jibreel (alayhi salaam) over a period of 23 years Thus, Quran literally means 'recitation' or 'proclamation'

Ramadhan and Quran

The Link

Muslims encouraged to read the Quran regularly and more so in Ramadhan The Prophetsaw used to recite the whole Quran to Gabriel once every Ramadhan and twice in the year in which Hesaw died This practice emulated by completing the recitation of Quran at least once Ramadhan - especially in Tarawih prayers

Ramadhan
Fasting

Hadith
Muslim

Hadith Qudsi

I swear by the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the breath of the faster is sweeter to Allah on the Day of Judgment than the scent of musk.

Ramadhan
The Principle

The principle behind Saum

is to understand the plight of the poor and needy pledge to live a more significant and meaningful life

Hadith

Prophet Mohammedsaw said "if a person observing fast does not shun untruth, his having given up eating and drinking is of little value. Such a person starves for nothing. And those who rise in the midnight to recite prayers but do not give up untruth and evil deeds, lose their sleep for

nothing

Ramadhan
The Fast

For thirty days abstain from food, drink, evil thoughts and sensual indulgences from shortly before sunrise to shortly after sunset due reward for fasting one who takes this obligation lightly is a sinner

Ramadhan
The Niyyat

Intent of fasting could be verbal and in any language preferable to make Niyyat during night i.e. prior to Subah Sadiq without Niyyat, Saum is mere starvation
(time limit for validity of Niyyat for Saum is before the time of NisfunNahar i.e. midday in terms of the Shariah)

Ramadhan
Meals

Special meals of the Saum :

Suhoor Iftar before the Fajr prayers evening meal often eaten communally often including dates

Quran

Surah al Baqarah: 187

...And now associate with them and seek what Allah has ordained for you and eat and drink until the white thread of dawn appears to you distinct from its black thread.

Hadith
Ahmed

The Messenger of Allahsaw said :

"Sahuur is a blessed meal, do not neglect it even if it is a mouthful of drink. For Allah and the Angels bless those who observe it."

Ramadhan
A Special act

Of all the pillars of Islam, none is more special than siyaam/ fasting
no possibility of Riya or show in fasting only Allah knows the one really abstaining

fasting is considered a special worship

Ramadhan
Benefits

Why fast?
to develop patience and self-control to learn sympathy for the deprived

to cleanse the body and mind

Ramadhan
Benefits

Why fast?
to gain appreciation for Allah's bounty to demonstrate the depth of one's commitment to protect against sin.

Ramadhan
Hadith

The Holy Prophetsaw said : "Satan runs in the circulatory system of the son of Adam in the same way blood circulates in our system; so tighten his passages with hunger Bukhari and Muslim

Ramadhan

The 3 Grades of Fasting

Ordinary Fasting
abstaining from food, drink and sexual satisfaction

Special Fasting abstinence and keeping ears, eyes, tongue, hands and feet and allorgans free from sin

Ramadhan

The 3 Grades of Fasting Extra-special Fasting abstinence & total disregard of everything but Allah - this kind of Fast broken by thinking of worldly matters - consists of utmost dedication to Allah

To this third degree belongs fasting of Prophets, the awliya and intimates of Allah

Ramadhan
Hadith Qudsi "All services of the son of Adam are for him except fasting. It is for Me, and I will reward him for it. Fasting is a shield. On the day you fast, do not use obscenity, nor yell at others, nor act ignorantly towards them. However, if anyone abuses you verbally or attempts to draw you to fight with him, say 'I am fasting' two times. The Prophet (saas) then states: I swore by the One (Allah) in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the breath of the faster is sweeter to Allah on the Day of Judgment than the scent of musk. The faster experiences enjoyment twice: he is pleased when he breaks his fast, and he is pleased when he meets his Maker"
(Muslim)

Ramadhan
Fasting

Fasting is a shield
protects believer from sin (ma'asi) eating increases blood flow and energy levels

making easier for Satan to use ones own energy level to tempt to commit sins

Ramadhan
A test

The fast is the single most important device to test the Iman the depth of sincerity commitment to the concept of Tauheed

Hadith
Tirmidhi The Messenger of Allahsaw has been reported as saying: "There are three categories of people whose supplications will not be rejected: - the person who observes the fast until he breaks it, - a just ruler, - and a person who has been oppressed."

Ramadhan

Sunnahs of Fasting 6 duties in fasting known as Sunnahs - Sehri or predawn meals - Iftar immediately after sunset - Tarawih Salaat at night - Feed the poor and hungry - Increased reading of the Holy Quran - Itikaaf during the last ten days of Ramadhan

Ramadhan

Mustahabs of Fasting To partake of Sehri To delay the Sehri upto a little Subha Sadiq

To break one's fast immediately after sunset

To break one's fast with dates and water To make Niyyat at night

Hadith

Bukhari, Fath ul Baari No.1933

"If he forgets (about the fast) and eats or drinks absent-mindedly, then he should continue his fast, because it was Allah who fed
him." In another narration, "and there is no day owed nor expiation required."

Ramadhan

Makroohat of Fasting To chew gum, rubber, plastic items etc To taste food/drink and spit it out
(If husband very ill-tempered, permissible for wife to taste food without swallow it)

Collecting saliva in the mouth and swallowing it to quench thirst Delay a bath that has become FARZ knowingly until after Subha Sadiq

Ramadhan

Makroohat of Fasting Using paste/tooth powder. (Miswaak permitted) Complain of hunger and thirst

Taking water too much up the nostrils (when cleaning the nose)
To gargle more than necessary To quarrel, argue, use filthy or indecent words To backbite, tell a lie and swear etc. are sinful acts

Ramadhan

Regarding Children

The normal rule

After age 7

order child to observe Saum No Qadha if child breaks the fast

By age 10

compel child to fast in Ramadhan

Ramadhan
Qaza saum

Compensate unobserved fasts are Wajib without needless delay make Niyyat at night i.e. before Subah Sadiq omission due to Haidh/Nifaas must be made up Qadha saum need not be consecutive Fidyah wajib if Qaza saum not posiible

Ramadhan
Kaffarah

Penalty for deliberate nullification of Sawm of Ramadhan fasting 60 consecutive days those unable to fast can feed 60 needy 2 meals a day or pay the amount in cash (Sadaqah Fitr) or give 2kgs flour per poor

Ramadhan Taraweeh

Hadith

Sihah Sitta except Tirmidhi Hazrat Aishahra says: "The Prophet offered salah in the mosque and many people prayed with him. The next day he did the same and more people prayed with him. Then the people gathered on the third night but, the Prophet did not come out to them. In the morning, he said to them:
'Surely I saw what you did, and nothing prevented me from coming out to you, save that I feared that [that prayer] would be made obligatory upon you.

And that was during Ramadhan."

Ramadhan
Tarawih

The Prophetsaw passed away and Tarawih salaat remained a sunnah Hazrat Umarra revived the Sunnah of Tarawih prayer in congregation

Ramadhan
Tarawih

Tarawih ( )is an Arabic word for extra prayers at night in Ramadhan The Prophetsaw encouraged special prayers during Ramadhan without commanding them as obligatory and said:
"Whoever prays during the nights of Ramadhan [taraweeh] with a firm belief and hoping for reward, all of his previous sins would be forgiven.
(Sihah Sitta)

Ramadhan
Tarawih

Sunnah Muakkadah for men and women Tarawih with Jamat is Sunnah muakkadah for men after obligatory isha & before witr prayers prayed in sets of 2 rak'at each customary to recite whole Quran in Ramadhan by reciting at least a juz per night

If one cannot recite entire Quran, recite Surahs that one knows

Ramadhan Last Ashra

Ramadhan
Last Ashra

Last 10 days are the most spiritually charged days of the month a time of special spiritual power

Ramadhan enjoys an intrinsic superiority over all other months

it's last Ashra superior to both earlier Ashras Lailatul Qadr or the Night of Power falls in it

Ramadhan
Last Ashra

Hazrat Ayeshara related that :

The Apostle of Allah (peace & blessings upon him) strove harder and took greater pains to observe prayer etc., during the last ten days of Ramadhan than during the other days.

Muslim

Ramadhan
Last Ashra

Night of Power The night on which the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophetsaw

Generally taken to be the 27th night of the month

Muslims spend the entire night in prayer

Ramadhan
Last Ashra

Hazrat Aishara said:

I asked the Messenger of Allah: 'O Messenger of Allah, if I know what night is the night of Qadr, what should I say during it?' He said: 'Say: O Allah, You are pardoning and You love to pardon, so pardon me.' Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and Tirmidhi
Transliteration of Dua is "Allahumma innaka `afuwwun tuhibbul `afwa fa`fu `annee"

Ramadhan
Last Ashra

last ten days hold a special status reflected in recommendations/practices of the Prophetsaw and the Sahabasra 3 major practices increased praying Itikaf in the Masjid seeking Lailat ul Qadr

Ramadhan Laylat al Qadr

Quran

Surah al Qadr

Quran

Surah al Qadr In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

Lo! We revealed it on the Night of Predestination Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Night of Power is! The Night of Power is better than a thousand months The angels and the Spirit descend therein, by the permission of their Lord, with all decrees (The night is) Peace until the rising of the dawn

Hadith

Bukhari, Muslim In a Hadith related by Abu Hurairahra The Messenger of Allahsaw said:

"He who spends the night in prayer on the Night of Power, as a sign of His faith, and seeking rewards from Allah, his previous sins will be forgiven."

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr

lit. the night of destiny (is the night of revelation and the night of judgment)

Pious Muslims spend the night (when possible for 10 days) in the mosques
Devote themselves to extra prayers and study of the Quran

Hadith

Ahmed, Nasaae and Bayhaqi Abu Hurairahra relates The Messenger of Allahsaw said when one Ramadhan came: "A blessed month has arrived. Observing it in fasting is mandated on you (the believers). During this month, the gates of Paradise will be opened and the gates of Hellfire will be closed. The evil ones (Shayaatin) will be handcuffed. In it there is one night, during which worship is better than worship in a thousand months. Whoever is denied its blessings has been denied the biggest blessing."

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr

This night lends Ramadhan its special character

The Prophetsaw was first taught Quranic verses by Jibril, and the teaching continued for 10 days Allah determines the course of the world for the coming year

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr

No consensus which night of Ramadhan is Laylat al Qadr

Could be any odd numbered night from 21st to the 29th Traditionally, celebrated throughout the night of the 27th (i.e. the night between the 26th and 27th)

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr

The Night of Al-Qadr has a Fixed Date: The best night in Ramadhan is the Night of Al-Qadr, based on the Prophet's saying: "Whoever performs the night prayer on the Night of Al-Qadr with firm faith and while seeking reward, his past sins will be forgiven."

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr Hadeeth of Zurr Ibn Hubaysh Ubay Bin Ka'ab ra said: "May Allah have mercy on him, his intention was that the people not (grow lazy) and depend solely (on just one night). By the One of whom there is no deity worthy of worship beside Him, it is indeed in Ramadhan. And by Allah I know on which night it is. It is on the night that Allah's Messengersaw commanded us to perform the Night Prayer. It is on the twenty-seventh night. Its sign is that the sun rises on its following morning bright with no rays."

Ramadhan

Searching Laylat al Qadr

One of the odd numbered nights of the last 10 days of Ramadhan

i.e. 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th or 29th.

It has been emphasized that it is

most likely to be the 27th night

Ramadhan

Searching Laylat al Qadr Signs of Laylat al Qadr are : Early sunrise without rays Rainfall either at night or during the day of that night Nightsky will be slightly foggy Slightly lighted sky without reflections or rays The angels and Gabriel descend to earth for many purposes

Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr

Allah has hidden knowledge of its occurrence out of mercy that one can increase actions in the search for it during these honorable nights by praying making dhikr supplicating Allahs test to distinguish who struggles to find it and who is lazy and negligent

Ramadhan

Observing Laylat al Qadr Collective/individual observance of :

- Recitation of the Quran

- Prayers : Nafl after Tarawih - Remembrance of Allah or zikr - Supplication or Du'a for self and others

- Reading books of Hadeeth

Ramadhan

Observing Laylat al Qadr Collective/individual observance of : - Reading Tafseer of Quran - Explaining Islam for benefit others - Giving charity - Pondering and contemplating "...and they contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heaven and the earth."(3:191)

Ramadhan Itikaaf

Hadith

Bukhari, Volume 3,Book 33: 260

Observing it in Ramadhan is established in the Hadith of Abu Hurairahra : "Allah's Messengersaw would make 'Itikaaf for ten days in every Ramadhan. But when it was the year in which he died, he made 'Itikaaf for twenty days."

Ramadhan

What is Itikaaf ? Seclusion in masjid for a specific purpose

which is to worship Allah

it is a Sunnah best time is Ramadhan, sp last 10 days best in Masjid where Friday prayers also held cannot be done at home

no kaffarah if voided, but reobserve it

Ramadhan
Prerequisites of Itikaaf 4 prerequisites : Islam

Sane

(person should not be mad)

Taharat (be free from Hadath e Akbar)

Niyyat

(Intention)

Ramadhan
During Itikaaf A Mutakif should engage himself in Ibaadat Recital of the Holy Quran Nafl Salaat and Zikr Durood Sharif and Istighfaar Remembrance of Allah Learn or teach the knowledge of deen

Ramadhan

Benefits of Itikaaf Immense hidden benefit protection from effects of excessive socializing protection from evil consequences of talking and sleeping too much

concentrated devotion enhances spiritual growth

Ramadhan

Benefits of Itikaaf

Acts of Itikaaf

turning to Allah by praying Qiyam ul Layl (Night prayers) reading Quran making Dhikr reciting duas

Ramadhan

Types of Itikaaf

3 types according to Hanafi school of thought Wajib Itikaaf when a person makes it obligatory upon himself eg after fulfillment of a prayer

Ramadhan

Types of Itikaaf Sunnah Itikaaf seclusion in a Masjid for last 10 days of Ramadhan (as per the practice of Rasulullahsaw)

Nafil Itikaaf no special time/specific number of days

Imam Abu Hanifahra states that it must be for at least one full day

Hadith

Sahih Abu Dawood 2135 Aishahra said: "The Sunnah for the one doing Itikaaf is that he should not go out (of the masjid) except for some need that he must fulfill. He should not witness a funeral, nor should he touch his wife, or have intercourse with her. And there is no Itikaaf except in a masjid that establishes the Jamaah (congregational prayer). And the Sunnah for the one doing'Itikaaf is that he should be fasting (on the day he makes Itikaaf)."

Ramadhan

Conditions of Itikaaf

The sunnah is that

one does not visit the sick during itikaaf does not answer the invitation nor fulfill the needs of his family not witness the funeral (by following it) not go to work outside the masjid not touch his wife not leave to fulfill a need except that which is necessary

Ramadhan

Itikaaf for Women

Permissible for women to do Itikaaf

if their guardians grant them permission place must be free from any fitnah no intermingling with men

Ramadhan
Eid ul Fitr

Hadith

Sahih Ahmad, 3/103 Eid - a Mercy of Allah The Prophetsaw told the people of Madina :

I came to you and you had in Jahiliyah 2 days of play and amusement. Indeed, Allah has replaced them for you by that which is better than them: The day of Nahr (slaughtering) and the day of Fitr (breaking fast).

Ramadhan
Eid ul Fitr

celebrated on the first day of Shawaal Eid means recurring happiness/festivity al Fitr means breaking of the fast 10th month of Muslim calendar Marks end of month of fasting Salat ul Eid (Eid prayers) offered Zakat ul Fitr Greetings of "Eid-Mubarak" /"a blessed Eid" exchanged

Ramadhan
Eid ul Fitr

This happy day designed by Shariah as sign of gratitude on accomplishment of Ramadhan as an immediate reward by Allah for those who spent Ramadhan fasting and in other ibadah haraam to fast on this day day of forgetting grudges and ill will

Ramadhan
Eid ul Fitr

Islam has prescribed a simple yet graceful way to observe the happy day - mandatory on well-off Muslims to start the day by paying Zakat ul fitr - proceed to an open place to offer Eid prayer collectively - After Eid prayer, rejoice in a responsible manner

Eid Greetings

(Fath al Baree 2/446)

Jubair bin Nufair said:

The Companions of Allah's Messengersaw when they met on the day of Eid, would say to each other: Taqabbala Allahu minna wa minkum (May Allah accept it from you and us)

Ramadhan

The Night Preceding Eid ul Fitr Named in a Hadith as the Night of Reward (Lailatul Jaiza) The Prophetsaw would not sleep in the night preceding the day of Eid ul fitr Allah rewards those who spent Ramadhan by Shariah, and all their prayers in this night are accepted Desirable to perform nafl prayers in this night

Hadith

Ibn Majah

The Prophetsaw is reported to have said:

Whoever stands up (in worship) in the nights preceding the two Eids expecting rewards from his Lord, his heart will not die when the other hearts will die.

Ramadhan

Recommended Acts Following acts are Sunnah at the beginning of

the day of Eid ul Fitr before the Eid prayer

rising early in the morning brushing the teeth bathing for Eid after the Fajr prayer Wearing the best available dress

Use of perfume

Ramadhan

Recommended Acts

personal adornment and decoration give Zaka-ul-Fitr before going to the Eid ground eating something sweet before going for Eid Prayer reaching Eid ground early walking to the Eid ground one way and returning by another Takbir on the way in a low voice

Ramadhan
Takbeer

Alla-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar Allah is greatest Allah is greatest

La-Ilaha ill-Allah There is no God but Allah

wa-Allah-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar and Allah is greatest Allah is greatest wa-lillah-il-hamd and all praise is for Allah

Ramadhan Zakat ul Fitr

Zakat ul Fitr
Meaning

Zakat ul Fitr also referred to as Sadaqah al Fitr Fitr means the same as Iftaar : breaking a fast

From same root word - Futoor : meaning breakfast

Islamically, Zakat al-Fitr is the charity which is distributed at the end of the fast of Ramadhan

Hadith

Abu Dawud, Eng. transl. vol. 2, p. 421, no. 1605

In a hadith reported by Ibn Abbasra

"The Messenger of Allahsaw has mandated the obligation of fast breaking alms as a cleanser of the faster from (what one may have done) mistakes or obscene acts, and to provide for the poor. Whoever gives it before Eid prayer, it is an accepted alms, but whoever gives it after Eid prayer, it is only a charity like any ordinary charity."

Zakat ul Fitr
When to pay ?

A special charity of the month of Ramadhan should be given during Ramadhan anytime before the Eid-ul-Fitr prayer

Because it can be given until Eid-ul-Fitr time, it is called Zakat-ul-Fitr

The Prophetsaw urged Muslims to pay this charity in the month of Ramadhan

Hadith

Muslim, English transl. vol. 2, p. 469, no. 2155

Abu Sa'eed al-Khudree said :

"On behalf of our young and old, free men and slaves, we used to take out during Allah's Messenger's (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) lifetime one Saa` of grain, cheese or raisins".

Zakat ul Fitr
Who must pay ?

Waajib on every Muslim as long as one has the means to do so poor or rich, man or woman, sane or insane amount of this zakat must be enough to feed a poor or needy person the head of the household may pay the required amount for the other members

Zakat ul Fitr
Why pay it ?

meant to expiate for any mistakes or wrongdoings a person may have done during this blessed month helps the poor and needy takes care of their needs in the month of Ramadhan makes it possible for them to celebrate Eid with other Muslims

Hadith

Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith No. 579

Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, said : "The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, enjoined the payment of one Sa of dates or one Sa of barley as Zakat ul Fitr on every Muslim, young and old, male and female, free and slave."

Zakat ul Fitr
How much ?

The amount is the same for everyone regardless of their different income brackets minimum amount is one Saa` (two handfuls ) of food, grain or dried fruit for each member of the family This calculation is based on Ibn Umar's report

Zakat ul Fitr
How much ?

The amount fixed by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) incumbent on every Muslim who possesses one Sa` (2.176 kilograms or 4.797 pounds) of dates or barley which is not needed as a basic food for himself or his family for the duration of one day and night

Some jurists allow paying equivalent in cash

Zakat ul Fitr
When to pay ?

Should be given during Ramadhan any time but before the Eid prayer
should be given to the poor and needy Individuals can make payments to Islamic charitable organizations

These organizations then should distribute these funds soon and to the needy people on time

Zakat ul Fitr
Virtues

Declared by the Prophetsaw a perquisite for the acceptance of fasting Meant to :

cement relationship between members of Muslim society

alleviate pain of the poor cultivate sense of brotherhood and solidarity

Hadith

Abu Dawud & Tirmidhi

The Holy Prophetsaw has said : "Have mercy upon those on earth, and those in heaven will have mercy upon you."

Zakat ul Fitr

Important Points
permissible for a wealthy woman to pay Zakat to her husband, who is poor, however the opposite is not permissible Zakat ul Fitr not required from one who does not possess a days worth of food Whoever possesses more than a days worth of food and he gives it (as his Zakat-ul-Fitr), this will suffice him

Ramadhan Salaat of Eid ul Fitr

Ramadhan
Eid Prayer

It is a Wajib salaat can be performed any time between the Ishraq and Zawal

Hazrat Umarra said: The prayer of Eid and al-Adhaa is two complete rakahs, not shortened. This is according to the words of your Prophet, and the liar is doomed.

Ramadhan
Eid Prayer

No Iqaamah or Azaan Six extra Takbeers The prayer comes before the khutbah No nafl prayers before or after the Eid prayer

If Eid prayer in a mosque, pray 2 rakahs Tahiyat alMasjid before sitting down

Ramadhan
Eid Prayer

In this Salah, Khutbah is a Sunnah is delivered after the Salah listening to the Khutbah of Eid Salah is wajib Eid prayer in an open field and not in a mosque

If difficult, can be performed in a big mosque

Hadith

Sahih Muslim, 878

Al-Numaan ibn Bishr said:

The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to recite on the two Eids and on Fridays, Sabbih isma rabbikal-alaa [al-Alaa 87:1] and Hal ataaka hadeeth al-ghaashiyah [alGhaashiyah 88:1].

Ramadhan
Conclusion

Ramadhan
Conclusion

The believer knows that : - the Lord of Ramadhan is also Lord of other months

- that He is the Lord of all times and places

- so he is steadfast upon the Shariah of Allah until he meets Him while He is pleased with him

Ramadhan
Conclusion

Righteous actions are for all times and all places Reading Quran and contemplating, is not only for Ramadhan but for all times

One must continuously be : - obedient to Allah, - firm upon His Shariah, - steadfast upon His Deen, - so that one is not of those who worship Allah only during one month or only in one place

Ramadhan
Conclusion

From signs that one's deeds are accepted, is improvement in obedience to Allah`azza wa jall And remember when your Lord proclaimed, 'If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor] (Quran, surah Ibrahim: 7)

So if the servant is truly thankful to his Lord, you will see him guided to more obedience and distanced from sinfulness

Ramadhan

Thankfulness is leaving sins

And worship your Lord until there comes you to the certainty [i.e. death]. Quran surah al Hijr: 99