Mrs. Bhawana
Biyani Girls Colleges International India International Workshop on Future International Climate Policy Biyani Girls College, Vidhyadhar Nagar, Jaipur.
The Setting
Occupies 2.4% (3.28 million sq. km of the worlds land area but support 16.2% (more than 1 billion) of the worlds human population Diverse physiographic features - Himalayas, Coastal areas, northern plains, peninsular plateau and islands Dominating feature of climate is the Monsoon Endowed with varied climate, biodiversity and ecological regions (Forest Cover about 675.5 thousand sq km
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India ratifies UNFCCC India ratifies Vienna Convention India acceded to Montreal Protocol Establishment of Ministry of Non Conventional Energy Sources
DNA
Advisor, MoEF
CDM Climate change activities and policy measures Other communications and submissions to the UNFCCC Indias National Communication to the UNFCCC Network of institutes
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Energy efficiency (28) Renewable energy 55% Renewable energy (51) Fuel Switching (6) Indutrial proceesses (6) Solid wate (1)
V&A
www.biyanicolleges.org
Climate Projections
Av. Surface temperature: increase by 2 - 4C during 2050s Monsoon Rainfall: Marginal changes in monsoon months (JJAS) : Large changes during non-monsoon months
Acute physical water scarce conditions Constant water scarcities and shortage Seasonal / regular water stressed conditions Rare water shortages
Agriculture
Decrease in yield of crops as temperature increases in different parts of India - For example a a 2C increase in mean air temperature, rice yields could decrease by about 0.75 ton/hectare in the high yield areas and by about 0.06 ton/hectare in the low yield coastal regions.
Major impacts of climate change will be on rain fed crops (other than rice and wheat), which account for nearly 60% of cropland area. In India poorest farmers practice rain fed agriculture.
The loss in farm-level net revenue will range between 9 and 25% for a temperature rise of 2-3.5C.
Coastal Zones
Simulation models show an increase in frequencies of tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal particularly intense events are projected during the post-monsoon period Sea level rise is projected to displace populations in coastal zones, increase flooding in low-lying coastal areas, loss of crop yields from inundation and salinization.
Simulated
Forestry
77% and 68% of the forested grids in India are likely to experience shift in forest types Indications show a shift towards wetter forest types in the northeastern region and drier forest types in the northwestern region in the absence of human influence.
Projected
Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate warming could also result in a 50 to 70% increase under the B2 scenario
Dry savannah Xeric Shrub land Xeric woodland Tropical Seasonal Forest Boreal Evergreen Tundra
Health Malaria is likely to persist in many states and new regions at hogher latitudes may become malaria-prone The duration of the malaria transmission windows is likely to widen in northern and western states and shorten in southern states.
Impact based Impact assessment made using climate change projections based on a single model outputs (RCM Had RM2) and single scenario Uncertainty of projections of climate parameters at regional level Limitations of models in assessing sectoral impacts at regional level (forests, crop production, water) Limited data availability
Vulnerability indicators
CIDA agr
SIDA Agri
Scenariobased modelling
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10. All villages to have sustained access to potable drinking water by 2007
11. Electricity for all by 2012
12. Cleaning of all major polluted rivers by 2007 and other notified stretches by 2012
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