Cell Membranes & Movement Across Them

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2006-2007

Membran Sel

Memisahkan sel dari lingkungannya

Membran sel adalah perbatasan

Masuk
makanan - gula - protein - lemak garam O2 H2O
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Keluar
Zat sisa - ammonia - garam - CO2 - H2O hasil - protein

sel membutuhkan materi yang masuk & hasil atau zat sisa

Membangun a membran How do you build a barrier that keeps

the watery contents of the cell separate from the watery environment?
FATS

LIPIDS
Remember: oil & water dont mix!! What substance do you know that doesnt mix with water?
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Lemak dari membran sel

Membran terbuat dari jenis spesial lemak

phospholipids kepribadian ganda phospholipid bilayer Sel masuk

Tertarik air

Membrane adalah lapisan ganda

phosphate

lipid

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Sel keluar

Ditolak air

Membran Semi-permeable Membran sel mengontrol apa yang masuk

dan keluar Perlu memperbolehkan beberapa material tapi tidak semua untuk melewati membran

semi-permeable
only some material can get in or out

sugar lipids

aa

O2

H 2O

salt

waste

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Menyebrangi membran sel Apa molekul yang dapat melalui membran

sel secara langsung?

Sel masuk

Lemak dan minyak dapat melalui secara langsung lemak

waste garam

Sel keluar
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gula

aa

H 2O

Saluran membran sel Perlu membuat pintu untuk dilalui

Saluran protein memperbolehkan zat-zat masuk dan keluar Saluran khusus memperbolehkan bahan-bahan masuk dan keluar

Saluran H2O, asaluran garam, saluran gula, dan

lain-lain
Sel masuk
H 2O

aa

gula

garam sisa Biology Regents

Sel keluar

 Saluran terbuat dari protein

proteins keduanya menyukai air dan lemak

bi-lipid membrane protein channels in bi-lipid membrane

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Saluran Protein

Proteins sebagai pintu masuk membran

Saluran untuk memindahkan molekul tertentu melalui membran

HIGH

LOW
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Movement through the channel Why do molecules move through

membrane if you give them a channel?
HIGH ?

LOW ?
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Molecules move from high to low Diffusion

move from HIGH to LOW concentration

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Diffusion Move from HIGH to LOW concentration

passive transport no energy needed

diffusion of water

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diffusion

osmosis

Simple Diffusion Move from HIGH to LOW

fat
inside cell fat fat fat fat fat
Which way will fat move?

LOW

HIGH
outside cell
fat fat
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fat
fat fat fat fat fat

Facilitated Diffusion Move from HIGH to LOW through a channel

sugar sugar sugar sugar inside cell sugar sugar

LOW
Which way will sugar move?

HIGH
outside cell sugar
Regents Biologysugar

sugar sugar

sugar

sugar

sugar

Diffusion Move from HIGH to LOW concentration

directly through membrane

simple diffusion no energy needed

help through a protein channel

facilitated diffusion (with help) no energy needed
HIGH

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LOW

Simple vs. facilitated diffusion

simple diffusion
inside cell lipid

facilitated diffusion
inside cell
H 2O

protein channel

outside cell
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outside cell

H2O

Active transport

Cells may need molecules to move

against concentration hill

need to pump uphill

from LOW to HIGH using energy

protein pump requires energy ATP

ATP

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Transport summary
simple diffusion

facilitated diffusion

active transport
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ATP

Osmosis
Movement of Water Across Cell Membrane

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2006-2007

Osmosis Water is very important, so we talk about

water separately Osmosis

diffusion of water from HIGH concentration of water to LOW concentration of water

across a semi-permeable membrane

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Keeping water balance Cell survival depends on balancing

water uptake & water loss
freshwater balanced saltwater

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Keeping right amount of water in cell

Freshwater

a cell in fresh water high concentration of water around cell

cell gains water example: Paramecium

KABOOM!

freshwater

problem: cells gain water,

swell & can burst

water continually enters
Paramecium cell

No problem, here

solution: contractile vacuole pumps water out of cell

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Controlling water Contractile vacuole in Paramecium

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Keeping right amount of water in cell

Saltwater

a cell in salt water low concentration of water around cell

cell loses water

Im shrinking, Im shrinking!

saltwater

example: shellfish problem: cell loses water

in plants: plasmolysis in animals: shrinking cell

I will survive!

solution: take up water

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Keeping right amount of water in cell

Balanced conditions

no difference in concentration of water between cell & environment cell in equilibrium example: blood problem: none
water flows across
membrane equally, in both directions volume of cell doesnt change

Thats better!

balanced

I could be better

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Ice Fishing in Barrow

QuickTime an d a YUV420 codec decompressor are need ed to see this p icture .

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