Project HOPE Office Module Slides 1-24-13

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Introducing
Project H.O.P.E.
Project HOPE is a special program to assist owners, managers, tenants and occupants of the 61 highrise buildings in the city of Sandy Springs, Georgia.
PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue
H.O.P.E. is an acronym that stands for:
High-rise Occupancy Planning Exercise

2 PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module
Project HOPE was developed by the

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Fire Marshals Office
Fire Chief/Fire Marshal: Jack McElfish

Deputy Fire Marshal: Jeff Scarbrough
Portions of Project HOPE have been developed with the assistance of the
Sandy Springs Police Department
Police Chief Terry Sult

Captain Bart Humble, Special Operations
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Terminal Objectives

Safety Director Guidelines
Train-the-Trainer for Floor Wardens
After lecture and discussion the individual student will have information to review, update and produce an Emergency Action Plan regarding high-rise buildings. Each student will be given sufficient information to conduct train the trainer activities for there individual employees and tenants.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Enabling Objectives

After the lecture and discussion the student will be able to recognize
the factors needed to produce a working Emergency Action Plan (EAP), an Emergency Evacuation Plan (EEP) and a Fire Safety Plan (FSP).
After lecture and discussion the student will be able to know and
understand the proper procedures for understanding the methodology used in developing a EAP using the following; Purpose and Scope, Building Vulnerabilities/ Risk Assessment, Security Measures proper Evacuation Planning
After lecture and discussion the student will be able to review, update
and develop Plans for the following; Emergencies Due to Human Activities and Emergencies Due to Natural Disasters.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Basic Level Train-the-Trainer Course
This course will teach you:
What the fire and life safety requirements are for high-rise
building owners, management and occupants
About the applicable state fire safety laws, rules,
regulations and local requirements
The importance of required documentation How to conduct a train-the-trainer high-rise program as a
manager and instructor in your building or organization
This course will prepare you:
How to teach others (staff and tenants) this material within
your building or organization.
SSFR will provide handouts and PowerPoint presentations to
assist you in your teaching efforts. (These will be delivered to you following this course.)
can use to certify people in your building or organization.
We will provide evaluation tests and sample certificates you
This course is to establish a basic level of familiarity and
understanding with the subject matter, the fundamentals of high-rise all-hazards - with an emphasis on fire and life safety. components.
Several aspects of this program have more advanced Well be developing additional training modules and
advanced training in specialized areas in the future.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Purpose & Scope This guide is intended primarily to assist members of the Building Management Team (BMT). The BMT consists of building owners, property managers, chief engineers, security directors and other management staff who are responsible for emergency management within a specific high-rise building or complex of high-rise buildings.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Purpose & Scope Both natural and human-caused risks are addressed in the guide using an all-hazards approach. Preparation is the key to an effective response to any emergency. Planning, awareness training and periodic exercises introduced prior to an emergency are essential to improving building supervisory and occupant responses.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Purpose & Scope This guide stresses the necessity of establishing a planning process to prepare for an all-hazards approach to emergencies and a Building Emergency Team (BET) to make potentially life-saving decisions in an emergency.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Background What is an emergency? There are many types of "emergencies," including:
Fire Hazardous materials incident Flood or flash flood
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Background

Severe weather (hurricane, tornado, winter storm)
Medical emergency
Criminal activity
Suspicious package
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Background Local Government Interaction Sandy Springs Elected Officials and Senior Management Staff are responsible for ensuring emergency management plans and programs exist within the Sandy Springs City Limits.
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Project HOPE - Background

What services do local first responders provide?
Fire safety plans that are required by Fire Code are recommended to be reviewed by the Chief Fire Official or their designee. Creating and revising an Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for buildings is not performed by the City of Sandy Springs. We will advise and consult, but do not do the actual work. It is the responsibility of the building owner and/or manager to create, prepare and revise the EAP for their particular building. This may be performed in-house or outsourced to a consulting firm.

What is emergency management?
Emergency management is the process of preparing for, responding to and recovering from any unplanned events that could have a negative effect on people or your organization. Emergency management is both a public and private responsibility. It is not a one-time event but should be a constant and on-going process.
Planning is the critical first step, followed by training, drills and regular tests of building safety features and equipment.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Background Examples of effective emergency planning:
Helps save lives and reduces the risk of injuries
Helps reduce damage to the building and/or equipment
thus allowing the tenants/occupancies to recover faster regulatory requirements
Assists in compliance with health and safety related Helps validate that the organization conducted due
diligence and may reduce exposure to civil or criminal liability in the event of an incident or emergency
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What are the key steps in establishing an Emergency Action Plan? Step 1 -- Establish a Building Emergency Team (BET) Step 2 -- Analyze Risks and Response Capabilities Step 3 -- Develop the Plan in-house or outsource Step 4 -- Provide Training to Floor Wardens and Exercise the Plan Step 5 -- Test, Evaluate and Modify the Plan
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

There are five (5) factors that affect the vulnerability of a building to certain types of emergencies:
Geographic Location Immediate Environment Property Type Tenant Mix or Resident Profile Size and Construction
An important part of a property managers responsibility in developing an EAP is to be aware of the different types of potential threats that may exist.
Geographic Location
Certain geographic portions of the country are more prone to certain types of emergencies, particularly those relating to natural disasters. Severe weather and tornadoes occur seasonally and property managers must evaluate the probability of these types of events occurring and the impact of these on their facilities and operations.
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Immediate Environment The neighborhood or community where your property is situated will influence the type of emergencies it may face. Buildings located in urban areas face unique risks that are less likely to be found in rural areas. High-rise buildings located in close proximity to major transportation routes would be vulnerable or at risk if a major accident were to occur with a hazardous materials release, fire or explosion.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment Property Type The purpose for which the building is used has a direct bearing on the type of risks inherent to it.
Residential towers, office towers, hospitals, theaters, and shopping malls all require their own unique EAPs to address their particular situations and needs
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Size and Construction

The size of the building with respect to height and area often determines the complexity of the EAP.
Whether the building is sprinkled or not will influence the EAP, for example, by making it more or less viable to remain in the building (sheltering-inplace or using an area of refuge) in the event of a fire.
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Security Measures Preventing unauthorized entry of persons is one step in reducing the risk of illegal acts. Features can include fencing, locked doors, electro-magnetic locking devices, video surveillance equipment, check points and trained on-site security personnel to name a few. Security measures must never interfere with building features designed to facilitate escape. Similarly, once a building has been evacuated, security procedures must be in place to control the re-entry of building occupants, so that security can be maintained.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment Security components that can be improved, utilized or adopted
Access Control / Knox Boxes Intrusion detection Lighting Monitoring and surveillance (guards and cameras) Vehicular traffic and parking control Perimeter control
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Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan
How do I plan for an emergency?

An EAP is best developed by gaining the input of the various stakeholders, analyzing risks and response capabilities, drafting and reviewing the plan, and implementing and refining the plan based on feedback.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue uses the Enterprise Approach which includes involving all the stakeholders on the front-end of plan development.
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Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Step 1 Establish a Building Emergency Team (BET)
The property manager (Safety Director) or an appointed designee should take the responsibility for organizing a Building Emergency Team (BET). Circumstances may require specialized input from facility and process managers, building designers and other qualified individuals. In single tenant buildings, it would be beneficial to obtain input from:
Senior Management Operations Management Engineering, Security, Maintenance
and Custodial staff


Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan
Step 2 Analyze Risks and Response Capabilities

This step entails gathering and analyzing information. The risks and hazards must be identified as well as the response capabilities that are available:
Review existing emergency plans Fire safety plan (including current building/site
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plans that clearly labels all tenant spaces) Health and safety program Security procedures Hazardous materials containment plans Risk management plans
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan
Identify internal and external resources and capabilities that could be utilized in an emergency: Personnel Equipment Building emergency features Facilities Organizational capabilities Internal backup systems
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Identify external resources, public and private, that would be required during an emergency including emergency protocols for contacts. CERT (Community Emergency Response Team) Hazardous materials response clean-up organizations Transportation services Professional Engineers and Architects Contractors Suppliers of emergency equipment
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Step 3 Develop the Plan (In-House) Building Emergency Team (BET) outlines the following key components: a protocol for who will be in charge
notification and communications procedures

life safety elements property protection
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Incident Emergency Response Identifies the procedures outlining how the facility and occupants will respond in various emergency situations. This part of the plan should also address procedures for dealing with emergencies during peak usage periods and also after hours at off-peak hours. Plan for 24/7/365 coverage. Emergency notification requirements Identify primary and alternate entrances for responding units Where and whom will they meet? Who will be in charge during the emergency? How will the plan be communicated to building occupants?
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Communications At some point during or after an emergency or disaster it will be necessary to communicate with various groups:
Emergency response organizations Employees Media Government regulatory agencies Employee groups Insurance representatives
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Following are some guidelines for dealing with the media:
Do not allow anyone other than the designated spokesperson to release information
Do not play favorites. Give all media access to the same information
Try to have consideration for their deadlines
Be factual, dont speculate

Do not cover-up or try to mislead the media
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Step 4 Exercise the Plan and Floor Warden Training
Exercising the plan will involve training, practice exercises and evaluation. In single tenant facilities, the plan should become part of the corporate policies and be managed effectively. Note: Some tenants may have internal EAPs developed by their Headquarters office which may be from other states.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Identify applicable federal, state and local regulations and statutes:
Occupational health and safety regulations Georgia Fire Safety Law Title 25 Official Code of Georgia (Appendix D) State Adopted Rules and Regulations 120-3-3 of the Georgia State Fire Marshals Office ( IFC 2006) (Appendix D) Environmental regulations
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan How is the Emergency Action Plan shared with the building occupants?
Offering periodic information and awareness presentations (in-house and external sources)
Floor warden training (see Appendix A)

Providing direct training and instruction to individuals who are assigned special tasks (Floor Wardens) Producing and distributing demonstration or instructional videos
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Step 5 Test, Evaluate and Modify the Plan
The EAP and EEPs are dynamic and should be reviewed thoroughly (at least annually) and modified as needed particularly after each emergency; after each training drill or exercise.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Review and update the plan whenever . . . personnel or their responsibilities change; tenants change; layout or design changes of the facility impact on the plan or procedures; and policies or procedures change.
Conducting Drills and Exercises

Fire drills are required to be conducted in high-rise buildings no less than once a year as required by the Fire Code (see Appendix D). It is also recommended to periodically assess other types of emergency procedures similarly through exercises or drills. Be creative.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan To determine if the objectives for the exercise or drill are achieved: Does the tenant management support the plan and participate appropriately in the exercise/drill scenarios? Are problem areas and resource shortfalls identified and addressed adequately? Does the plan reflect lessons learned from previous drills and actual events?
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Do individuals with specific duties specified by the procedure understand their responsibilities? Are they willing to perform their assigned activities? Can they perform their assigned activities? Are new personnel with specific responsibilities adequately trained? Have the risks and hazards changed in the facility? Have the key contacts changed? (names, titles, telephone numbers)
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Do building occupants know where their primary and secondary exits are situated in the event their normal escape route is contaminated or blocked? Is the existing method of communication adequate for relaying information and instructions to key personnel and building occupants during an emergency? If not, should other methods of communication be preplanned? (i.e., by private telephones, cell phones, pagers, or some other means.)
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Developing the Emergency Action Plan Each drill or exercise must be evaluated and documented with recommendations for improvements by designated individuals who thoroughly understand the facilitys emergency procedures and expected response by designated individuals and occupants.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity
Emergencies arising from human activity include situations instigated by an intentional criminal act, carelessness, human error, accidents or situations resulting from other large-scale incidents. This section covers the procedures that should be developed to address a major emergency due to human activity. It provides the necessary steps that should be taken by those who are directly responsible for building emergency preparedness (the Building Management Team) as well as information that will be useful to building occupants.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Medical Emergencies
Your Emergency Action Plan should incorporate medical and first aid (FA) procedures that include: Emergency contact phone numbers Names and phone numbers of occupants with accredited training in lifesaving techniques (FA, CPR, CERT, etc.) Managers of buildings with large occupant loads may wish to consider providing FA/CPR training, automatic external defibrillators (AEDs), in addition to basic first aid supplies
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Elevator Malfunctions
In the event of occupants becoming trapped in an elevator the BMT should:
Never attempt to evacuate occupants stranded in the elevator. Call 911 and the elevator service company. Only qualified personnel should be permitted to correct elevator malfunctions, or remove stranded occupants, as this is highly specialized and extremely hazardous work. Maintain communications with trapped occupants until first responders arrive and occupants are safely evacuated.
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Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity

Elevator Malfunctions (continued)
Assure those trapped that they are safe and that help is on the way obtain their names and cell phone numbers as a back-up in case the elevator emergency phone fails
Caution them not to panic and to remain calm

Do not to try to force the elevator doors open Once the occupants have been safely removed, arrange for a thorough investigation of the cause of the malfunction promptly after the incident.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Natural Gas Leaks
Natural gas is colorless, odorless and highly flammable For safety, an odorizer called Mercaptan is added to make it noticeable The Mercaptan gives natural gas an odor of hydrogen sulfide (like rotten eggs) to aid in its detection
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Natural Gas Leaks (continued)
In the event of a natural gas leak: Notify Security and/or the BMT immediately
Call 911 (from a phone located well away from the odor and/or the source of the leak, if known)
Evacuate the building if the leak or odor is inside
Instruct occupants to absolutely not smoke nor use any electrical devices, including cell phones
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Suspicious Packages / Devices Personnel that work in Mail Rooms and others who accept and handle deliveries made by couriers and others should receive training on how to identify and handle suspicious packages. The extent of this training would correspond to the degree of risk related to the occupancy of the high-rise building. (e.g. a commercial building containing foreign consulates or corporate headquarters would be at higher risk than small businesses or a residential building.)
Suspicious Packages / Devices (continued)
The following information should be shared with occupants to assist them in identifying and responding to suspicious envelopes and packages. What are the characteristics of a suspicious package?
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Suspicious Packages / Devices (continued) Excessive, inadequate or missing postage Handwritten or poorly typed addresses Incorrect titles or no name Misspelling of common words Oily stains, discoloration or odor No return address Excessive weight
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Suspicious Packages / Devices (continued) Lopsided or uneven envelope Protruding wires or aluminum foil Excessive security material like masking tape, string, etc. Visual distractions Strange noises or odors
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Suspicious Packages / Devices (continued) Restrictive markings such as: Personal, Confidential, or To Be Opened By Postmark city/state does not match the return address Foreign mail from politically unstable or hostile countries Unprofessional wrapping Threatening markings on exterior of package Inappropriate air mail or special delivery stickers
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Suspicious Packages / Devices (continued) What should occupants do if they find a suspicious package/device? Do not disturb, shake or bump it Do not open, smell, examine, touch or taste it Treat it as suspect and move a safe distance away Warn others in the immediate area of the situation Move to a safe area away from the package and report it to Security or the BET and call 911 the first responders will handle it and can advise you on further actions If necessary, initiate evacuation procedures
Fire
Fire is a high risk to life safety in high-rise buildings, but a low frequency occurrence. In order to minimize the risk and impact of fire, the Rules and Regulations of the Georgia State Fire Marshals office, Section 120-3-3, outlines requirements for owners and managers of certain types of buildings and occupancies to develop and implement a Fire Safety Plan. (See Appendix D of Guidebook)
Fire (continued)
A Fire Safety Plan is typically a section of your EAP and contains the emergency procedures to be used in case of fire including: 1st 2nd Notifying the fire department Pull the fire alarm + Provisions for access for fire fighting Instructing occupants on procedures to be followed when the fire alarm activates (horn / strobe) Evacuating endangered occupants Confining, controlling and extinguishing the fire
Fire (continued)
the appointment, organization and training of designated supervisory staff to carry out fire safety duties the instruction of supervisory staff and other occupants so that they are aware of their responsibilities for fire safety the holding of fire drills using the Emergency Evacuation Plan guidelines
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Fire (continued)
the control of fire hazards in the building (prevention) the maintenance of building facilities provided for the safety of occupants the provision of alternative measures for the safety of occupants during any shutdown of fire protection equipment and systems or part thereof instructions, including schematic diagrams, describing the type, location and operation of building fire emergency systems
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Physical Threats
Criminals may use firearms, knives, arson, vehicles and other low tech devices to introduce physical threats. Security measures and physical barriers should be considered as a means of deterring or minimizing the impact of these threats and occurrences.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Physical Threats (continued)
Security personnel, receptionists, complaint department personnel or other employees that are in a position where they may have to deal with violent or potentially violent people should be provided training on conflict resolution and workplace violence. Please contact the Sandy Springs Police Department for more information regarding this type of training.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Physical Threats (continued)
Some people use fire as a means of terror. Arson involves the criminal use of fire to cause damage to property. Arsonists may use various types of accelerants, like flammable liquids, to increase fire growth and fire spread. Common and ordinary combustible materials such as wastepaper, cardboard, etc. are also ready fuels for arsonists. Therefore, good housekeeping and security are effective at reducing these fire risks.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Hazardous Materials (Haz-Mat) Accidents
A hazardous materials accident can occur anywhere, anytime. Hazardous materials are used everywhere and are transported on our roadways daily; so any area is considered vulnerable to a haz-mat type accident or incident. What should the BMT do if a hazardous materials accident occurs near their building? Small amount versus large amount?
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity Hazardous Materials (Haz-Mat) Accidents (continued)
Try to stay upstream, uphill and upwind of any haz-mat incident with clear access to an evacuation route. If assisting victims do not try to care for them until the substance has been identified by the authorities and they indicate it is safe to help.
Is the scene safe???

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Human Activity What measures should be taken to shelter in place?
Sheltering in place is the procedure of moving people to a safe area of the building. Such safe areas are often called or identified by signs stating: Area of Refuge.
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Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Natural Disasters This section covers the procedures that should be taken in the event of a major emergency due to natural disasters. It provides the necessary steps that need to be taken by those who are directly responsible for building emergency preparedness as well as by the building occupants. Many types of circumstances besides fire may require a building or portions of a building to be evacuated. Some of these circumstances are discussed in the following subsections of this guide.
PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module Westin Hotel in Atlanta sustained damage from a tornado in March 2008
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Project HOPE - Emergencies Due to Natural Disasters
Severe Storms
Thunderstorms, tornadoes, hail, blizzards, ice storms, high winds and heavy rain can develop quickly and hit hard, posing a threat to life and property.
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Severe Storms (continued)

How can the BMT and their staff prepare for a severe storm? Management should be aware that electrical power might be unavailable for an extended period of time. Therefore, backup generators and adequate fuel supplies may be very helpful in maintaining essential building services (e.g., computers, heating, lights, etc. ).
Got backup power?

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Floods
Where flooding is a potential risk, the BMT may wish to consider the following: Providing pumps, generators, sandbags, etc., for temporary flood relief. Providing permanent breakwaters and dikes where the flood potential is high. Evaluate the potential impact on ground level and underground tanks

Major Electrical Power Failures

Any one of the occurrences described previously can cause or contribute to a major electrical power failure.
Backup generators and adequate fuel supplies may be very helpful in maintaining essential building services (e.g., lighting, heating).
When there is a potential for a power failure occurring simultaneously with the building evacuation, building occupants should avoid using the elevators as a means to leave the building.
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Major Electrical Power Failures (continued)

To be on the safe side, during a major power failure high-rise occupants should be instructed to proceed to evacuate the building using the primary and secondary exits that would normally be used to evacuate the building during a fire drill or fire. Do NOT use CANDLES OR OPEN FLAME DEVICES!
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE Basic Level Train-the-Trainer Course
Metro cities across the nation have developed highrise safety programs regarding mandated exercises and Emergency Action Plans (EAPs).
Definition: High-rise Building shall mean a building more than 75 feet in height, or seven (7) stories or more in height. Building height shall be measured from the lowest level of fire department vehicle access to the floor of the highest occupiable story.
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MAJOR CAUSES OF HIGH-RISE FIRES
The NFPA and the USFA report that the major causes of fires in high rise buildings are: smoking materials, electrical, flammable liquids (such as organic oils/solvents used during remodeling) and arson. Sandy Springs has been fortunate and only had a couple of minor fires in high-rise buildings, but nothing serious. We regularly monitor data through our fire incident reporting system, construction inspections and annual inspections to try to detect hazards and mitigate them to help prevent high-rise fires from occurring.
PREVENTION IS CRUCIAL IN PREVENTING FIRES!
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Basic Level Train-the-Trainer Course STATE REQUIRMENTS
STATE LAWS RULES AND REGULATIONS LOCAL RULES AND REGULATIONS
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue believes that partnerships and relationships are important, especially among the high-rise community. These are customers that we may not otherwise reach routinely. Project HOPE seeks to develop an all-hazard mitigation and prevention culture and mindset as a priority in high-rises. Sometimes prioritizing means looking for the low hanging fruit for more easily mitigated problems to demonstrate small successes and help garner long term support. For Project HOPE to succeed it must be a collaborative effort of all the stakeholders.
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The SSFR model involves stakeholders from the occupants, tenants and visitors; to the building management team; to building owners; to SSFR personnel and other first responders. This approach is commonly called the SSFR enterprise approach. Partnerships are important to help develop strategies and tactics to obtain their buy-in to any plan, and for the resources they may be able to provide.
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Project HOPE is not a one-time effort the program must be sustainable over time to produce the desired long term results. According to the state adopted standards the following applies: NFPA Section 4.7 - Fire Drills, Emergency egress and relocation drills conforming to the provisions of the code shall be conducted.
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Drills shall be designed in cooperation with the local authorities. Drill Frequency is a minimum of once per year (annually).
Emergency egress and relocation drills, shall be held with sufficient frequency to familiarize occupants with the drill procedure and to establish conduct of the drill as a matter of routine. Drills shall include suitable procedures to ensure that all persons subject to the drill participate and emphasis shall be placed on orderly evacuations rather than on speed.
A Note on Evacuations . . .
The multiple floors of a high-rise building create a cumulative effect requiring large numbers of persons to travel greater vertical distances on stairs in order to evacuate the building. In the first terrorist bombing of the World Trade Center high-rise office towers in 1993, tens of thousands of building occupants evacuated successfully and safely traversed some five million person-flights of stairs.
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The purpose of Project HOPE is to educate and inform the stakeholders of the high-rise building community how they can proactively prepare for and reactively respond to a variety of work place emergencies.
The high-rise occupant community consists of building stakeholders such as building owners, management, staff, tenants, occupants and visitors. It also includes the public safety first responders (fire, EMS, law enforcement.)
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue What is a high-rise building?

The National Fire Protection Association defines high-rise building as a building greater than 75 feet (25 m) in height where the building height is measured from the lowest level of fire department vehicle access to the floor of the highest occupiable story. High-rise buildings are usually seven (7) or more stories / levels tall.
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Types of high-rise occupancies

The International Fire Code (IFC) classifies buildings into groups based upon the buildings use. High-rises generally fall into one of two categories: commercial or residential. Commercial would be office buildings (such as Sandy Springs King and Queen buildings in the Concourse Business Park (on the right below). Residential would be like the Westin Hotel (on the left below).
Commercial: the queen and king office buildings Residential: Westin hotel
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High-rise buildings are unique in these aspects Extended height
Lack of normal accessibility and egressability

Vertical exiting distance and method
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TRIVIA:
What is the tallest high-rise building in the world? It is the Burj Khalifa building located in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. The building is 2,717 ft. tall and has 160 floors. It was completed in 2010 at a cost of $1.5 billion (US).
Expensive? Rent is $4,000 / SF for office space or $3,500 / SF for residential.

We know that . . .
Emergencies and
First Interstate Bank Fire Los Angeles, CA. May 4, 1988 / 10:00pm
disasters happen
They can strike
anytime and anywhere

Some strike with
little or no warning
Built in 1973 62-story office building Fire sprinklers being installed not yet on 1 civilian fatality 35 civilian injuries 14 firefighter injuries $50 million fire loss Only 4 floors burned Required 250 firefighters Cause: electrical
High-rise building fires are difficult to fight, costly, cause lots of property damage . . . and can be deadly!
On November 21, 1980 in Las Vegas, Nevada an infamous high-rise fire occurred at the MGM Grand hotel.
There were 5,000 guests in the hotel at the time of the fire. Of those 85 people died and 650 were injured. The main cause of death was smoke inhalation. The high-rise portion (guest rooms) and area of origin (a deli) were not fire sprinkled. The cause of the fire was electrical.
Closer to home . . . The Winecoff Hotel fire

On December 7, 1946 the deadliest hotel fire in American history occurred at 137 Peachtree Street in downtown Atlanta. In all 119 guests died in the blaze at the 15 story hotel (a high-rise building) that was not protected with fire sprinklers. The message: High-rise fires can happen - including here.
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BEFORE no sprinklers.
AFTER sprinkler protected.
Those who dont learn from history are doomed to repeat it. George Santayana
Lesson learned in Atlanta (1946) and in Las Vegas (1980) - at a cost of 204 lives!
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Ask yourself this do you know what to do if . . .
a fire breaks out on a floor below yours? a tornado is sighted approaching your building? a major snow and/or ice storm happens?
there is an active shooter in your building?

a truck carrying hazardous materials overturns on the road in
front of your building? an explosion shakes the whole building? smoke starts to fill your floor?
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Types of emergencies . . . also known as all-hazards . . .

Fires / Explosions Severe weather -

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Wind storms Tornados Hurricanes Flooding Ice or snow storms Earthquakes Hazardous materials incidents Elevator malfunctions Major power outages Workplace violence Civil disturbances / terrorism Bomb threats / suspicious packages

The tall nature of high-rise buildings limit your options to exit if there is a fire because . . .
You cant use the elevators to exit! You cant use the windows to escape! Fire apparatus ladders can only perform rescues up to about
seven stories above ground level - under ideal conditions!

Rooftop rescues by helicopter are dangerous and unlikely!
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High-rise evacuation challenges . . .

the higher you are located in the building, the longer to exit
the building
walking down many flights of stairs is physically demanding crowded stairwells can be noisy and may be dimly lit you may encounter firefighters coming up the stairwell some heat and smoke might still enter the stairwell
FACT: It takes about 1 minute per floor to evacuate a high-rise building.
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A scary fact . . . SMOKE KILLS!

Most people who die in high-rise fires succumb from smoke inhalation and suffocation Many fire victims are trapped in or near stairwells - where locked doors prevent escape Stairwells can become compromised by fire or heat, but usually they are compromised by vision-reducing, suffocating, toxic smoke.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE will teach you:

what to do how to plan and prepare
how to react and respond
Project HOPE offers specific measures that should be instituted right away to help prepare for emergencies.
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Whats In It For Me?????

Project HOPE offers you useful knowledge that can save your life and those who work with you.
This knowledge will greatly increase your chances of survival in various emergency or disaster situations. Through Project HOPE we are in this to help save lives through educating you on all-hazards fire and life safety training in high-rise buildings.
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What is Situational Awareness (SA)?

SA involves a conscious effort on your part to analyze
and comprehend events and actions that can impact you or your surroundings - either instantly or in the future
SA helps identify things that are constantly changing
around you, some rapidly and some slowly, some good and some not so good
SA provides you with the knowledge you need to
make the right decisions at the right time


Situational Awareness (SA) means being aware of what is happening and what could happen. SA means anticipating bad things that could happen in time to affect a positive outcome In the context of emergencies and emergency preparedness, the level of SA you practice will often mean the difference between life and death SA means asking yourself what could happen and what will I do if it does happen . . . the result of practicing SA is improved vigilance and confidence in your plan to survive by being alert, ready and prepared!
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Survivors are those who use and practice situational awareness. Survivors KNOW what is going on around them . . . Survivors anticipate what can happen and make a plan - in case it does.
UP
DOWN
AROUND
SA a nearby example . . .
On April 27, 2011 several tornadoes hit Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. Hundreds of people were killed. Many victims had no idea of the imminent danger until it was upon them. Many were not situationally aware. Lesson learned: In areas prone to severe weather like tornados, practice SA. Get a weather alert app for your smartphone or use an alert radio, have a safe room in your home and office and take shelter immediately when a tornado warning is issued. Situational Awareness = Preparedness
Rule #1: BE PREPARED!

Be situationally aware Know what to do in the event of different
types of emergencies
Know at least TWO ways out (exits/stairwells) Have emergency supplies available
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Rule #2: STAY CALM!

If the emergency is coming but has not arrived
yet (a tornado) follow the plan to take shelter Take a breath and look around Listen to instructions from Floor Wardens or others in charge Stay with a friend or associate for reassurance Be confident that you can and will survive
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Emergency Action Plans (EAPs)

Its more than just a one-time effort and shouldnt be a document to occupy shelf space and collect dust . . .
XYZ Co. Emergency Action Plan
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue An EAP . . .

is a document that is required by OSHA requires exercising through annual drills which
are required in the fire code is intended to organize actions of employers and employees in anticipation of emergencies in the workplace encourages preparedness, as much as response
The Building Management Team (BMT) and the Building Emergency Team (BET) both need to read, understand and know their buildings EAP.

Most high-rise buildings already have an EAP EAPs should be comprehensive and address various
types of emergency and disaster situations EAPs are often all-hazards plans because they deal with various emergencies and not just fires EAPs must be reviewed and updated regularly to remain current, applicable and useful
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A good EAP should . . . be simple and instructive specify responsibilities establish a defined command structure identify proper training needed encourage suggestions to improve it
Expect the worst and hope for the best!
- an old disaster planning motto
An EAP should include:

the means and way for reporting emergencies
evacuation procedures and identified assembly areas procedures for employees who are mission critical
procedures to account for all evacuated employees

medical and rescue duties of trained employees persons to contact to assist in training of employees
An EAP may also include details about alarm systems, assisting disabled employees, using communication systems and securing mission critical processes or essential work records.
A Coordinated Response
When an emergency occurs somebody needs to be in charge
Before first responders* arrive, that somebody should be a member of the building management team (BMT)
*Who are FIRST RESPONDERS? These are the professional emergency handlers. They are the trained police officers, fire fighters and paramedics that come to help you when you call 911.
Whats the difference between the . . .
Building Management Team (BMT)

and the
Building Emergency Team (BET)

. . . and whos on each of these teams?
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The Building Management Team (BMT)

Most every high-rise building has some form of a building management team (BMT), either officially or informally. A BMT is usually composed of one or more of the following onsite or on-call staff positions: Building or Property Manager Security Director Chief Engineer
Each position has its own separate duties for day-to-day operations, but all need to work as a coordinated team in an emergency and in planning for emergencies.
The Building Emergency Team (BET) consists of:

Building Management Team members This would be the Property Manager, Security Director and the Chief Engineer (as available at the site or their Alternates or Assistants) Safety Director / Fire Safety Director This would be a member of the BMT assigned to be in charge of the emergency Building Staff - This includes all staff reporting to or under the direction of the BMT serving the building (security officers, maintenance crew, etc.) Floor Response Teams Tenant or occupants serving as support personnel consisting of Floor Wardens (one FW per floor and/or tenant), Search Monitors and Special Assistants
BMT + their staff + assigned tenants = The Building Emergency Team

The Building or Property Manager is usually assigned the duties of being the Safety Director for the building. That person usually has a working relationship with the Security Director and the Chief Engineer. The relationship may be through working for the same company or it may be through a separate company under a contract.
Know who is on your team
Have communications between those on the team In an emergency the Safety Director (or their Alternate) will
usually be the person in charge

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue ALTERNATES ARE HIGHLY RECOMMENDED

Emergencies are unpredictable and can happen at any time Sickness, holidays, training, work travel the regular
members of the BMT and even the BET need back-up

Somebody needs to be in charge, or able to take charge, if
those who normally would are not around or able

Alternates are needed for any and all positions on the BET,
especially Floor Wardens and their Floor Team members
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It is 3:00AM on a holiday weekend and youre sound asleep at home . . . The fire alarm at your office building starts sounding and there is a smell of smoke - uh oh . . . Whos watching your building? What have they been trained or told to do? Will they do that? If not, what will they do? Do they know they are in charge until the first responders arrive . . . in 4 to 10 minutes?
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Coordinated Response to an Emergency

The Safety Director is usually in charge from the start of the event
until the first responders arrive and take command The Safety Director may coordinate and control the work of the Security staff, Engineering staff and Floor Wardens in effecting evacuations and determining the extent of the problem Floor Response Teams are led by a Floor Warden and consist of Assistant Floor Wardens, Search Monitors and/or Special Assistants (There is at least one Floor Warden per floor.) Search Monitors assure that the floor is clear and everyone has evacuated who should be (some people will shelter in place) Special Assistants may fight small fires, provide medical aid and assist those requiring help - staying with them until the first responders arrive to take over
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Communication is crucial
Search Monitors and Special Assistants need to keep their Floor Warden briefed on their efforts. In turn, Floor Wardens need to keep the Safety Director briefed on the activities for their floor. In a major emergency or disaster your office and community landline telephone systems may fail. Similarly, cellular telephone systems may become overloaded and wont work. Therefore, a private two-way radio system may be the only means of communication if it is available. Most building Security and Engineering staff have radios. Do you have spare batteries?
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Radio messages should be brief and to-the-point. Dont tie-up the radio or cell phone with chatter or non-critical information. Pass along useful or urgent information (i.e., a blocked stairwell, someone is injured, people are trapped, etc.) Give a quick and accurate situation report.
For example a message from a Floor Warden to the Safety Director might go like this:
There is a cubicle on fire in Suite 2010 on the 20th floor. We are all evacuating down the East stairwell. We cant get to the West stairwell because of heavy smoke on our floor. A last resort communication method is the use of runners, people on foot, to deliver messages from one point to another.

When first responders arrive on scene they will implement an Incident Command System (ICS). The officer on the first arriving resource (a fire apparatus) will take command of the incident or situation and will become the initial Incident Commander (IC). Command may be transferred to a higher ranking officer later on as needed. The IC should be located at a Command Post usually at or near their response vehicle. The Safety Director needs to meet faceto-face with the IC and provide him/her with a briefing of the situation. The Safety Director should have a two-way radio that can communicate with their BET. This will help the IC in setting priorities and ordering additional resources.
Positions and Assignments in an EAP

Building Emergency Team - consists of the Safety Director, Security,
Engineering, Floor Wardens, Search Monitors and Special Assistants Safety Director provides initial command of an incident and coordinates the Building Emergency Teams actions Floor Response Teams consists of the Floor Warden, Search Monitors and Special Assistants and conducts response activities on their floor Floor Wardens leads the Floor Response Team (there is one Floor Warden per floor) Search Monitors check to ensure the floor has been cleared and any persons in need of assistance have a Special Assistant with them Special Assistants assigned to assist physically impaired persons First Responders (Fire, EMS and/or Police) upon the arrival of public safety personnel command for the incident will transfer from the Safety Director to an Incident Commander (IC). The Safety Director or their designee should stay near the IC to help coordinate efforts.
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Communication Links
Building Emergency Team Communicates by two-way radio, F-T-F* or cell phone with each other. Initial situation should be reported to 911 and then to the Safety Director. First Responders (Fire, Police and/or EMS) Dispatched by 911 and communicate with each other and 911 by radio, F-T-F and with cell phones as a backup.
Anyone with a cell phone can contact 911 directly If the fire alarm is activated 911 will also be contacted by the
alarm monitoring company First responders and BMTs cannot talk to each other by radio
*F-T-F means face-to-face, or, in person
Sandy Springs Fire Rescue EAP Command System - Interrelationship

FIRST RESPONDERS
BUILDING EMERGENCY TEAM
SAFETY DIRECTOR
(& ALTERNATE)
SECURITY STAFF ENGINEERING STAFF
FLOOR WARDENS
(& ALTERNATES)
SEARCH MONITORS
SPECIAL ASSISTANTS
TENANTS, EMPLOYEES & VISITORS

Surviving an emergency or disaster means:

Being alert and practicing situational awareness Not panicking - stay calm and help others to stay calm Being prepared with proper training, resources and
procedures (EAP) which builds survival confidence Having a current EAP advising you of what to do Taking appropriate actions based on the EAP, current events and training (drills) Helping yourself and helping others
Remember this . . .
Once an emergency or disaster occurs, all time for preparation has ended.
Stakeholders in a high-rise emergency include:

building tenants, occupants and visitors security and engineering staff
building owners, agents and management groups

floor wardens and their team members first responders (fire, EMS, law enforcement)
All stakeholders need to work together toward the common goal of saving lives and preventing injury. Successful survival is a team effort.
Evacuations
Evacuation means leaving the area of imminent or potential danger. This may mean simply going to another floor, completely exiting the building or exiting and relocating to a distant geographic area. Evacuation-in-place (or shelter-in-place) means relocating to an approved location on your floor or within the building where a physical barrier separates you from the potential harm of the emergency. The type of evacuation you use (or are instructed to use per the EAP or direction of Floor Wardens) depends heavily on the circumstances of the event at that given moment . . . and into the foreseeable future.
Evacuation is intended to efficiently, safely and quickly remove you and others out of harms way.
Reality Check: Drills vs. The Real Thing (cont.)

The reason that we conduct a full evacuation of the whole building during a fire drill is primarily as a courtesy for, and convenience to, building management and the occupants. Fire drills cost time and money due to lost staff productivity. By conducting a full-building evacuation drill it allows us to complete the required drill for everyone more quickly and efficiently than doing multiple drills in segments. The important thing is that everyone in the building becomes familiar with the evacuation process by locating their exits, using the stairwells and staging in the assembly area. In a real emergency it is hoped this knowledge would be second nature.
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Reality Check: Drills vs. The Real Thing

During a fire drill we usually evacuate the entire building all at one time. In reality though, if there really is a fire in the building what should happen is this:
evacuation of the floor above the fire floor evacuation of the fire floor (where the fire is located) evacuation of the floor below the fire floor
All the occupants of those three floors should evacuate the building just as they would during a full-building evacuation drill. If the emergency worsens, then the whole building will be evacuated.

In a real fire scenario, the partial evacuation (three floors) concept is intended to reduce the number of people evacuating down the stairwells. Why? Because firefighters must bring a lot of equipment with them up the same stairwell. A partial evacuation allows firefighters quicker and safer access to the fire floor to attack the fire.
Most fire alarm systems in high-rises are designed to initially notify just three floors in the fire area.

A general fire alarm is a fire alarm activation on all floors and areas and requires a full-building evacuation . Most fire alarm systems are programmed to automatically go into the General fire alarm mode after a few minutes, if not cancelled. This delay factor on the general fire alarm activation is intended to allow building security and/or engineering personnel time to verify if there is an actual fire or not. If there is not a fire, then the alarm may be cancelled with only minor disruption to the occupants of the three floor area, and not the entire building.
Fire Alarm Systems

Fire alarm systems are designed to detect smoke or a fire event and to notify building staff and occupants of the situation. It is important that fire alarm equipment be dependable and reliable. We want to avoid false alarms as much as possible because they lend themselves to the Cry Wolf syndrome where eventually people dont believe the alarm is credible and may not take appropriate action and evacuate the building for a real fire. Generally speaking, todays technology has resulted in improved fire alarm and detection equipment that is less prone to sending an accidental alarm signal.
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Fire Alarm Systems (cont.)

Whenever the fire alarm system activates there are several possible reasons why it has been activated. They are: A true" emergency an actual smoke or fire event An evacuation drill (by building and/or FD officials) A mistaken alarm (well intended looked like a fire) An accidental alarm mechanical (faulty detector, water surge) human error (working on alarm system) environmental (dust or microwave popcorn) A false alarm maliciously activated no emergency (someone intentionally pulling the alarm)
Fire Sprinkler Systems

Most high-rise office buildings constructed within the past 20 years were required by code to be built with automatic fire sprinkler protection throughout. Fire sprinkler systems are engineered, designed, installed and regularly inspected to stringent national standards. Automatic fire sprinklers are the BEST fire protection available because of their reliability and fire suppression capability. Fire sprinklers have been found to be about 96% effective in containing and/or controlling fires. That is because they keep small fires small by preventing fire growth and greatly reducing the production of toxic and deadly smoke.
Fire Sprinkler Systems (cont.)

Some basic fire sprinkler facts:
o Each fire sprinkler head activates independently, one at a time, o o o o o
they dont all go off at once as movies and TV shows portray Most fire sprinklers in office buildings activate at 155 degrees A typical fire sprinkler head covers an area of about 144 square feet (12 x 12) Water damage? A single fire sprinkler will discharge about 22 GPM compared to a fire hose which discharges 250+ GPM Most fires are contained and/or controlled by 1 or 2 sprinklers Fire sprinkler heads may be exposed or concealed in the ceilings or sometimes in the walls
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An exposed ceiling fire sprinkler head
A concealed ceiling fire sprinkler head
Fire sprinkler heads operating:
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Some rules regarding fire sprinklers:

Do not store anything closer than 18 below a fire sprinkler
head, including on shelves. This is especially important in storage and supply rooms, even against the walls damage the head or even cause the sprinkler to activate
Never hang anything from a fire sprinkler head. You could
Never paint a fire sprinkler head (or the cap if it is concealed).
This could render the sprinkler inoperative or ineffective
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High-Rise Safety Tips

KNOW TWO (2) WAYS OUT Take a walk around your floor and locate all the exits. These exit doors each access a stairwell, usually on opposite ends of the floor. These stairwells are your means of egress in an emergency. DO NOT USE THE ELEVATORS Elevator shafts can become vertical pathways for smoke and fire. When a fire alarm activates the elevators in most high-rises are programmed to immediately return to the ground floor. Only use the stairs.
NOTE: Elevators may be used by the F.D. once assessed for safeness.
High-Rise Safety Tips (cont.)

EVACUATE DOWN THE STAIRS, NOT UP!
When you enter a stairwell you want to exit downward, toward ground level. If it is not safe to go down one stairwell, try another one. If none are passable then stay on the floor you are on. Shelter-in-place if all exits are unsafe for you to use. Remember, heat and smoke rise to the top of the stairwell, even when it is pressurized. Avoid the rooftop except as an absolute last resort. Roof-top rescues during high-rise fires are extremely rare and very risky.
Stairway to Safety
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Stairway to Safety (cont.)

Many stairwells are pressurized and have air blown in at or
near ground level. This pressurization forces heat and smoke upward, toward the roof level, and out a vent. The purpose is to keep the atmosphere in the stairwell clearer for visibility and the air breathable for everyone to exit safely.
you should immediately proceed to an alternate or secondary exit and stairwell.
Exit 1
If you encounter moderate smoke and/or heat in the stairwell
Exit 2
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Exit 3
Stairway to Safety (cont.)

If alternate stairwells are not safe to use, then you should
shelter-in-place on a floor that is free of (or has less) smoke and heat. location. Advise how many people are taking shelter there, so rescuers can respond to assist you. removing high-heel shoes. Consider keeping a pair of walking shoes at your desk, or, remove and carry your high-heels for the walk down the stairs.
Suggested Not recommended
If you must shelter-in-place call 911 to advise your specific
Footwear. For safety and comfort women should consider
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In the Stairwell
Walk quickly but safely down the stairs - use
the handrails
Watch out for doors opening at landings
they could open quickly and injure you
Be careful!
Do NOT bring any beverages with you onto
the stairs - hot beverages can spill and burn you or others, and spilled beverages create a slip hazard that could injure others and even block the stairwell
attention to negotiating the stairway and listening for instructions from Floor Wardens
Dont text or use your cell phone - pay
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In the Stairwell (Cont.)

Watch for people entering the stairwell at lower
landings allow persons to merge with those already using the stairwell the stairs stay to right side of stairwell
Watch for firefighters who may be coming up
Minimize talking - as stairwells can become very
noisy making it more difficult to hear directions or information
Assist others who may need help exiting
advise Floor Warden or authorities of situation
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EVACUATE or SHELTER-IN-PLACE?
What does the EAP recommend?
What does the Floor Warden advise?

It depends on the type of emergency It depends on whether it can be done safely It depends on the circumstances and conditions It depends on your own knowledge and ability
Emergencies are dynamic situations theyre never the same and are constantly changing. Your plans could change suddenly.
Will evacuation make you more safe or less safe?
A big fire? Yes, Evacuate!

A tornado? No, Shelter-in-place!
What is the difference between an Evacuation as opposed to an Escape?

An evacuation is controlled and orderly; is pre-
planned and practiced in advance; follows the EAP; is executed rapidly but safely. An escape is urgent; is hastily planned; is executed swiftly but sometimes carelessly in response to avoiding imminent danger.
Certain emergencies are sudden with little to no advance warning (i.e., an explosion or an earthquake). Escape may be your only option in such cases.
Fire Protection Systems

What is built-in fire protection and how does it protect you from fire and smoke?

Common Built-in Fire Protection Features
Automatic fire sprinkler systems
Standpipe systems
Fire alarm systems
Fire rated construction

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Reporting Emergencies
A 911 Call Center:
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Reporting Emergencies
Stay calm and alert co-workers of the situation Report the problem to Security or call 911 (as policy dictates)
talk slowly and speak clearly Advise exactly WHAT the situation is:
a trash can is on fire
an elderly man isnt breathing

light smoke is coming from the ceiling
Tell the 911 call taker WHAT and WHERE!
Advise exactly WHERE you need the help: 10th floor in suite 1011 stairwell B at 18th floor landing inside elevator #2
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Fire or Smoke Situations

Report fires (or the sight/smell of smoke) immediately Close doors to the area of the fire - if safe to do so Pull the manual fire alarm / alert others of the situation Use fire extinguisher(s) if fire is small - and safe to do so Know what the fire alarm signal sounds like Know the location of all exits and stairwells on your floor Do NOT use the elevators Follow the EAP and directions of Floor Wardens or officials Dont take bulky personal property or hot drinks with you Close doors behind you after you exit through them Stay calm and orderly while evacuating Report to your Floor Warden in the assembly area
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Fire or Smoke Situations Pre-Planning

Know if your building has a fire sprinkler system Know where all the exits are
Know where fire extinguishers are located and how to operate them
Know where all the stairwells are located
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Using a Fire Extinguisher

Most office buildings will have one or more fire extinguishers
located on each floor level usually near the exits They may be either wall mounted or in a wall cabinet Remove it from the wall or cabinet and carry to the fire location
To operate the extinguisher remember the word PASS:
PULL the pin

AIM the hose/nozzle at the base of the fire SQUEEZE the handle
SWEEP from side to side
Remember - PASS
Medical Emergencies
Stay calm your being calm will help the victim stay calm Call 911 immediately and provide all information requested by the
911 call taker or dispatcher Alert co-workers and Security staff of the problem or situation Obtain first aid kit and/or Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) and know where these are located BEFORE the medical emergency
elevator, move furniture, open doors, etc.) Meet and direct first responders to the victims location Assist the first responders if they request help or information Learn First Aid PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module 153 and CPR!
Provide care and treatment to the extent of your training and skills Coordinate with Security to ensure prompt access for first responders (hold
Severe Weather Alert Types When any type of severe weather is forecast for an area the National Weather Service has two levels of alerts:
A WATCH means that there is a possibility that
severe weather may occur

A WARNING means that severe weather is already
occurring nearby or in close proximity to you Seek shelter immediately!
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Tornadoes
Stay alert and monitor changing weather conditions:
advisories, watches or warnings Be aware of the possability of heavy rain, flooding, strong winds and hail Be prepared for the possibility of extended power outages Remove all loose objects on walls, desks, cabinets, etc. in or near perimeter offices and store them in a secure interior location Close doors of perimeter offices / leave interior doors open Relocate expensive equipment away from perimeter of building Be observant of any building damage (broken windows, water leaks, etc.) and report them to security or maintenance personnel Shelter-in-place in a stairwell or solid interior room
155
Severe Thunderstorms
Stay alert and monitor conditions: watches or warnings Be aware of the probability of heavy rain, strong winds and
lightning Be prepared for the possibility of tornadoes Be prepared for possible power outages / back-up computer work Stay away from windows (especially if there is lightning activity) Be alert for downed trees, power lines and wind-blown debris outdoors
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Hurricanes
Stay alert and monitor changing weather conditions Be aware of the probability of heavy rains, flooding and strong winds and
possibility of tornadoes Be prepared for the possibility of extended power outages elevators may not be operating, there may be none or only minimal lighting Remove all loose objects on walls, desks, cabinets, etc. in or near perimeter offices and store them in a secure location Close doors of perimeter offices / leave interior doors open Relocate expensive equipment away from perimeter of building Be observant of any building damage (broken windows, water leaks, etc.) and report them to security or maintenance personnel
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Workplace Violence
Practice situational awareness on the job Beware of warning signs threats, hostility, anger, personal
issues, altercations, terminations, domestic issues, etc. Report suspicious individuals, threatening actions or questionable activity to Security or call 911 If gunshots are heard escape the area (if safe to do so), if not, then close and lock doors if an option, get down on the floor under a desk and call 911
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Bomb Threats / Suspicious Packages

Be alert (using SA) for any suspicious packages, persons or vehicles Dont go near, touch or otherwise disturb any suspicious package Keep others away and evacuate the immediate area Dont turn anything electrical or electronic on or off Notify your Floor Warden and they will notify Security and/or 911 Follow instructions of Security staff and the police Do NOT use the fire alarm system to notify occupants to evacuate
the building for a bomb threat
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Civil Disturbances
Practice situational awareness stay informed Use a phone tree or social media so Security and/or the Safety
Director can alert employees of problems quickly Stay inside the building away from demonstrators and make sure Security and law enforcement have been notified Secure doors and stay away from windows and glass Dont taunt or get involved ignore those participating in the disturbance Handling a civil disturbance is a matter for building Security staff and public law enforcement If you feel threatened ask Security for an escort to or from the building or parking facility
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Hazardous Materials
Hazardous materials (haz mats) are everywhere! If a haz mat leak or spill occurs inside your office area or building you should evacuate the immediate area and call 911. Try to avoid being exposed to the material. If there is a haz mat incident outside your building or near your building you will be notified of actions to take by the local authorities.
Nitrous oxide tanker spill on I-285 to GA400 connector.
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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Preparation Emergency Supplies / Tools

Each floor and/or each tenant should have the following supplies available in a quantity to support the number of people in that area for at least 24 hours:

First aid kit / AED / latex gloves Flashlights with extra batteries / Lightsticks (NO candles) Emergency cell phone with charged batteries Bottled water / emergency food supplies Blankets Weather radio or battery powered radio Heavy gloves, hardhats and basic tool box Whistle / walkie talkies Sturdy walking shoes Other: ____________________________________
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Evacuation Assembly Areas

Once you exit the building you will be directed
by security staff and floor wardens to follow evacuation routes to a pre-determined assembly area - usually a lawn area or open space (KNOW where your area is located.) Walk quickly away from the building and watch above for possible falling debris Watch for vehicles and incoming emergency apparatus if you cross roadways or fire lanes In your assembly area you will be accounted for by your Floor Warden Dont leave until you are told you can by emergency management personnel Stay with your group and dont wander off
Physically Handicapped Persons

The Floor Warden needs to maintain a current record of
persons unable to self-evacuate due to a physical disability The Floor Warden needs to assist in locating, assisting and relocating persons with physical disabilities to a safe area of refuge during any type of emergency or evacuation A common area of refuge is in stairwells, but it should not impede egress of other people evacuating Notify Security or Building Management staff promptly to alert incoming first responders of the person(s) and their location(s) of any persons in areas of refuge If there are any indications of the onset of a medical emergency involving such persons, that information needs to be relayed to incoming first responders (by calling 911) The Floor Warden or an assistant must stay with the person until first responders arrive to handle further evacuation
Elevators
Not to be used during a fire
Often dont work during a fire (auto recall to lobby or power shut down) Elevator shafts may fill with smoke May be needed by firefighters
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Special Planning
Each floor shall have a current floor plan map posted on
the wall near the exits and elevator(s) showing at least two recommended evacuation routes from all points on the floor. A similar map shall be kept in the EAP binder. The floor plan map shall show the location of all exits from that floor, fire alarm pull stations, location of fire extinguishers, location of first aid kit (and AED if applicable) and location of emergency supplies. The EAP should contain provisions for assisting persons who might not speak English or who may have physical disabilities that would need special assistance to evacuate. The Floor Warden needs to know the identify of any employees who may delay evacuating in order to shut down critical operations. These people must be capable of recognizing when to abandon the operation and evacuate themselves.
Floor Wardens
A critical position on every buildings Emergency Response Team is that of Floor Warden.
Each floor shall have an assigned Floor Warden
and each Floor Warden shall have an assigned Assistant Floor Warden All Floor Wardens shall have an identifiable vest (typically fluorescent orange or green) that they need to wear during any drills or actual events The Floor Warden needs to know who may be delayed in evacuating due to responsibilities to shut down or transfer critical operations. Those persons must be capable of recognizing when to abandon the operation and evacuate themselves.
Floor Wardens
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Floor Wardens are responsible for:
Evacuating all areas on their floor Assigning Search Monitors and Special Assistants Knowing and carrying out provisions of the EAP Keeping a record of anyone needing special
assistance and assigning a Special Assistant to them Report names and locations of anyone staged in an area of refuge or sheltering-in-place Accounting for occupants and visitors at the Evacuation Assembly Area and reporting that information to the Safety Director Reporting any persons unaccounted for to Safety Director and Authorities promptly
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How may we serve you?

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue and Sandy Springs Police staff are available for consultations to assist high-rise owners, tenants, management and security staff in high-rise office planning and training for all hazards. Training is available in general or specific subject areas and can be delivered at your location or at ours.
Basic Level Train-the-Trainer sessions are available for companies to internally train their own staff and tenants.
Certificates of Completion will be provided for those who successfully complete training sessions.
To learn more contact: Sandy Springs Fire Rescue at 770-206-2082 Sandy Springs Police at 770-551-6900
Thank you for being here today!
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Project HOPE Office Module Slides 1-24-13

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Introducing

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

H.O.P.E. is an acronym that stands for:

High-rise Occupancy Planning Exercise

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Project HOPE was developed by the

Fire Chief/Fire Marshal: Jack McElfish

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Police Chief Terry Sult

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Terminal Objectives

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Enabling Objectives

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building owners, management and occupants

About the applicable state fire safety laws, rules,

regulations and local requirements

The importance of required documentation How to conduct a train-the-trainer high-rise program as a

manager and instructor in your building or organization

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

your building or organization.

SSFR will provide handouts and PowerPoint presentations to

We will provide evaluation tests and sample certificates you

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

advanced training in specialized areas in the future.

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Background

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Project HOPE - Background

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Project HOPE - Background

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thus allowing the tenants/occupancies to recover faster regulatory requirements

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Project HOPE - Background

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

Size and Construction

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue Project HOPE - Building Vulnerability Assessment

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

How do I plan for an emergency?

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Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

and Custodial staff

Sandy Springs Fire Rescue

Step 2 Analyze Risks and Response Capabilities

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

PH Basic Level T-t-T Office Module

notification and communications procedures